Generalized Radon Transforms And Imaging By Scattered Particles: Broken Rays, Cones, And Stars In Tomography PDF Download
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Author: Gaik Ambartsoumian
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9811242453
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
A generalized Radon transform (GRT) maps a function to its weighted integrals along a family of curves or surfaces. Such operators appear in mathematical models of various imaging modalities. The GRTs integrating along smooth curves and surfaces (lines, planes, circles, spheres, amongst others) have been studied at great lengths for decades, but relatively little attention has been paid to transforms integrating along non-smooth trajectories. Recently, an interesting new class of GRTs emerged at the forefront of research in integral geometry. The two common features of these transforms are the presence of a 'vertex' in their paths of integration (broken rays, cones, and stars) and their relation to imaging techniques based on physics of scattered particles (Compton camera imaging, single scattering tomography, etc).This book covers the relevant imaging modalities, their mathematical models, and the related GRTs. The discussion of the latter comprises a thorough exploration of their known mathematical properties, including injectivity, inversion, range description and microlocal analysis. The mathematical background required for reading most of the book is at the level of an advanced undergraduate student, which should make its content attractive for a large audience of specialists interested in imaging. Mathematicians may appreciate certain parts of the theory that are particularly elegant with connections to functional analysis, PDEs and algebraic geometry.
Author: Gaik Ambartsoumian
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9811242453
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
A generalized Radon transform (GRT) maps a function to its weighted integrals along a family of curves or surfaces. Such operators appear in mathematical models of various imaging modalities. The GRTs integrating along smooth curves and surfaces (lines, planes, circles, spheres, amongst others) have been studied at great lengths for decades, but relatively little attention has been paid to transforms integrating along non-smooth trajectories. Recently, an interesting new class of GRTs emerged at the forefront of research in integral geometry. The two common features of these transforms are the presence of a 'vertex' in their paths of integration (broken rays, cones, and stars) and their relation to imaging techniques based on physics of scattered particles (Compton camera imaging, single scattering tomography, etc).This book covers the relevant imaging modalities, their mathematical models, and the related GRTs. The discussion of the latter comprises a thorough exploration of their known mathematical properties, including injectivity, inversion, range description and microlocal analysis. The mathematical background required for reading most of the book is at the level of an advanced undergraduate student, which should make its content attractive for a large audience of specialists interested in imaging. Mathematicians may appreciate certain parts of the theory that are particularly elegant with connections to functional analysis, PDEs and algebraic geometry.
Author: Palle Jorgensen
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9811269017
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 270
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Book Description
This book presents the mathematics of wavelet theory and its applications in a broader sense, comprising entropy encoding, lifting scheme, matrix factorization, and fractals. It also encompasses image compression examples using wavelet transform and includes the principal component analysis which is a hot topic on data dimension reduction in machine learning.Readers will find equal coverage on the following three themes:The book entails a varied choice of diverse interdisciplinary themes. While the topics can be found in various parts of the pure and applied literature, this book fulfills the need for an accessible presentation which cuts across the fields.As the target audience is wide-ranging, a detailed and systematic discussion of issues involving infinite dimensions and Hilbert space is presented in later chapters on wavelets, transform theory and, entropy encoding and probability. For the problems addressed there, the case of infinite dimension will be more natural, and well-motivated.
Author: M Zuhair Nashed
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9811259410
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 757
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Book Description
Frontiers in Entropy Across the Disciplines presents a panorama of entropy emphasizing mathematical theory, physical and scientific significance, computational methods, and applications in mathematics, physics, statistics, engineering, biomedical signals, and signal processing.In the last century classical concepts of entropy were introduced in the areas of thermodynamics, information theory, probability theory, statistics, dynamical systems, and ergodic theory. During the past 50 years, dozens of new concepts of entropy have been introduced and studied in many disciplines. This volume captures significant developments in this arena. It features expository, review, and research papers by distinguished mathematicians and scientists from many disciplines. The level of mathematics ranges from intermediate level to research level. Each chapter contains a comprehensive list of references. Topics include entropy and society, entropy and time, Souriau entropy on symplectic model of statistical physics, new definitions of entropy, geometric theory of heat and information, maximum entropy in Bayesian networks, maximum entropy methods, entropy analysis of biomedical signals (review and comparison of methods), spectral entropy and its application to video coding and speech coding, a comprehensive review of 50 years of entropy in dynamics, a comprehensive review on entropy, entropy-like quantities and applications, topological entropy of multimodal maps, entropy production in complex systems, entropy production and convergence to equilibrium, reversibility and irreversibility in entropy, nonequilibrium entropy, index of various entropy, entropy and the greatest blunder ever.
Author: Palle Jorgensen
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9811265534
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 449
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Book Description
This volume considers resistance networks: large graphs which are connected, undirected, and weighted. Such networks provide a discrete model for physical processes in inhomogeneous media, including heat flow through perforated or porous media. These graphs also arise in data science, e.g., considering geometrizations of datasets, statistical inference, or the propagation of memes through social networks. Indeed, network analysis plays a crucial role in many other areas of data science and engineering. In these models, the weights on the edges may be understood as conductances, or as a measure of similarity. Resistance networks also arise in probability, as they correspond to a broad class of Markov chains.The present volume takes the nonstandard approach of analyzing resistance networks from the point of view of Hilbert space theory, where the inner product is defined in terms of Dirichlet energy. The resulting viewpoint emphasizes orthogonality over convexity and provides new insights into the connections between harmonic functions, operators, and boundary theory. Novel applications to mathematical physics are given, especially in regard to the question of self-adjointness of unbounded operators.New topics are covered in a host of areas accessible to multiple audiences, at both beginning and more advanced levels. This is accomplished by directly linking diverse applied questions to such key areas of mathematics as functional analysis, operator theory, harmonic analysis, optimization, approximation theory, and probability theory.
Author: Ronny Ramlau
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 311055951X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 469
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Book Description
The series is devoted to the publication of high-level monographs, surveys and proceedings which cover the whole spectrum of computational and applied mathematics. The books of this series are addressed to both specialists and advanced students. Interested authors may submit book proposals to the Managing Editor or to any member of the Editorial Board. Managing EditorUlrich Langer, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria Editorial BoardHansj rg Albrecher, University of Lausanne, SwitzerlandRonald H. W. Hoppe, University of Houston, USAKarl Kunisch, RICAM, Linz, Austria; University of Graz, AustriaHarald Niederreiter, RICAM, Linz, AustriaChristian Schmeiser, University of Vienna, Austria
Author: Claude Leroy
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814458465
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1040
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Book Description
This book, like the first and second editions, addresses the fundamental principles of interaction between radiation and matter and the principles of particle detection and detectors in a wide scope of fields, from low to high energy, including space physics and medical environment. It provides abundant information about the processes of electromagnetic and hadronic energy deposition in matter, detecting systems, performance of detectors and their optimization. The third edition includes additional material covering, for instance: mechanisms of energy loss like the inverse Compton scattering, corrections due to the Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect, an extended relativistic treatment of nucleus–nucleus screened Coulomb scattering, and transport of charged particles inside the heliosphere. Furthermore, the displacement damage (NIEL) in semiconductors has been revisited to account for recent experimental data and more comprehensive comparisons with results previously obtained. This book will be of great use to graduate students and final-year undergraduates as a reference and supplement for courses in particle, astroparticle, space physics and instrumentation. A part of the book is directed toward courses in medical physics. The book can also be used by researchers in experimental particle physics at low, medium, and high energy who are dealing with instrumentation. Errata(s) Errata Contents:Electromagnetic Interaction of Radiation in MatterNuclear Interactions in MatterRadiation Environments and Damage in Silicon SemiconductorsScintillating Media and Scintillator DetectorsSolid State DetectorsDisplacement Damage and Particle Interactions in Silicon DevicesGas Filled ChambersPrinciples of Particle Energy DeterminationSuperheated Droplet (Bubble) Detectors and CDM SearchMedical Physics Applications Readership: Researchers, academics, graduate students and professionals in accelerator, particle, astroparticle, space, applied and medical physics. Keywords:Interactions Between Radiation/Particles and Matter;High;Intermediate and Low Energy Particle Physics;Medical Physics;Radiation/Particle Detection;Space Physics;Detectors;Semiconductors;Calorimeters;Chambers;Scintillators;Silicon Pixels;Radiation Damage;Single Event Effects;Solar CellsKey Features:Covers state-of-the-art detection techniques and underlying theoriesAddresses topics of considerable use for professionals in medical physics, nuclear engineering, and environmental studiesContains an updated reference table set of physical properties
Author: Geoff Dougherty
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521860857
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 463
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Book Description
Hands-on text for a first course aimed at end-users, focusing on concepts, practical issues and problem solving.
Author: Otmar Scherzer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387929193
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 1626
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Book Description
The Handbook of Mathematical Methods in Imaging provides a comprehensive treatment of the mathematical techniques used in imaging science. The material is grouped into two central themes, namely, Inverse Problems (Algorithmic Reconstruction) and Signal and Image Processing. Each section within the themes covers applications (modeling), mathematics, numerical methods (using a case example) and open questions. Written by experts in the area, the presentation is mathematically rigorous. The entries are cross-referenced for easy navigation through connected topics. Available in both print and electronic forms, the handbook is enhanced by more than 150 illustrations and an extended bibliography. It will benefit students, scientists and researchers in applied mathematics. Engineers and computer scientists working in imaging will also find this handbook useful.
Author: Nashed M Zuhair
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 981322889X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 576
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Book Description
This volume aims to highlight trends and important directions of research in orthogonal polynomials, q-series, and related topics in number theory, combinatorics, approximation theory, mathematical physics, and computational and applied harmonic analysis. This collection is based on the invited lectures by well-known contributors from the International Conference on Orthogonal Polynomials and q-Series, that was held at the University of Central Florida in Orlando, on May 10–12, 2015. The conference was dedicated to Professor Mourad Ismail on his 70th birthday. The editors strived for a volume that would inspire young researchers and provide a wealth of information in an engaging format. Theoretical, combinatorial and computational/algorithmic aspects are considered, and each chapter contains many references on its topic, when appropriate. Contents: Mourad Ismail (Richard Askey)Binomial Andrews–Gordon–Bressoud Identities (Dennis Stanton)Symmetric Expansions of Very Well-Poised Basic Hypergeometric Series (George E Andrews)A Sturm–Liouville Theory for Hahn Difference Operator (M H Annaby, A E Hamza and S D Makharesh)Solvability of the Hankel Determinant Problem for Real Sequences (Andrew Bakan and Christian Berg)Convolution and Product Theorems for the Special Affine Fourier Transform (Ayush Bhandari and Ahmed I Zayed)A Further Look at Time-and-Band Limiting for Matrix Orthogonal Polynomials (M Castro, F A Grünbaum, I Pacharoni and I Zurrián)The Orthogonality of Al–Salam–Carlitz Polynomials for Complex Parameters (Howard S Cohl, Roberto S Costas-Santos and Wenqing Xu)Crouching AGM, Hidden Modularity (Shaun Cooper, Jesús Guillera, Armin Straub and Wadim Zudilin)Asymptotics of Orthogonal Polynomials and the Painlevé Transcendents (Dan Dai)From the Gaussian Circle Problem to Multivariate Shannon Sampling (Willi Freeden and M Zuhair Nashed)Weighted Partition Identities and Divisor Sums (F G Garvan)On the Ismail–Letessier–Askey Monotonicity Conjecture for Zeros of Ultraspherical Polynomials (Walter Gautschi)A Discrete Top-Down Markov Problem in Approximation Theory (Walter Gautschi)Supersymmetry of the Quantum Rotor (Vincent X Genest, Luc Vinet, Guo-Fu Yu and Alexei Zhedanov)The Method of Brackets in Experimental Mathematics (Ivan Gonzalez, Karen Kohl, Lin Jiu and Victor H Moll)Balanced Modular Parameterizations (Tim Huber, Danny Lara and Esteban Melendez)Some Smallest Parts Functions from Variations of Bailey's Lemma (Chris Jennings-Shaffer)Dual Addition Formulas Associated with Dual Product Formulas (Tom H Koornwinder)Holonomic Tools for Basic Hypergeometric Functions (Christoph Koutschan and Peter Paule)A Direct Evaluation of an Integral of Ismail and Valent (Alexey Kuznetsov)Algebraic Generating Functions for Gegenbauer Polynomials (Robert S Maier)q-Analogues of Two Product Formulas of Hypergeometric Functions by Bailey (Michael J Schlosser)Summation Formulae for Noncommutative Hypergeometric Series (Michael J Schlosser)Asymptotics of Generalized Hypergeometric Functions (Y Lin and R Wong)Mock Theta-Functions of the Third Order of Ramanujan in Terms of Appell–Lerch Series (Changgui Zhang)On Certain Positive Semidefinite Matrices of Special Functions (Ruiming Zhang) Readership: Graduate students and researchers interested in orthogonal polynomials and
Author: Peter F. Sharp
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1846280184
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 385
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Book Description
This book is an essential guide for all practitioners. The emphasis throughout is on the practice of nuclear medicine. Primarily aimed at the radiologist, physician, physicist or technologist starting in nuclear medicine, it will also appeal to more experienced practitioners who are keen to stay up-to-date. The practical approach with tables as "recipes" for acquisition protocols means it is essential for any departmental shelf. 3rd edition expanded - now covering areas of development in nuclear medicine, such as PET and other methods of tumour imaging, data processing. All illustrations are up-to-date to reflect current standards of image quality.
