The Doctrine of Souls and of Disease Among the Chinook Indians PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download The Doctrine of Souls and of Disease Among the Chinook Indians PDF full book. Access full book title The Doctrine of Souls and of Disease Among the Chinook Indians by Franz Boas. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Franz Boas
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Folklore
Languages : en
Pages : 6
Get Book
Book Description
Author: Franz Boas
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Folklore
Languages : en
Pages : 6
Get Book
Book Description
Author: Franz Boas
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chinook Indians
Languages : en
Pages : 5
Get Book
Book Description
Author: James Hastings
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ethics
Languages : en
Pages : 932
Get Book
Book Description
Author: Robert H. Ruby
Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN: 9780806121079
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 400
Get Book
Book Description
The Chinook Indians, who originally lived at the mouth of the Columbia River in present-day Oregon and Washington, were experienced traders long before the arrival of white men to that area. When Captain Robert Gray in the ship Columbia Rediviva, for which the river was named, entered the Columbia in 1792, he found the Chinooks in an important position in the trade system between inland Indians and those of the Northwest Coast. The system was based on a small seashell, the dentalium, as the principal medium of exchange. The Chinooks traded in such items as sea otter furs, elkskin armor which could withstand arrows, seagoing canoes hollowed from the trunks of giant trees, and slaves captured from other tribes. Chinook women held equal status with the men in the trade, and in fact the women were preferred as traders by many later ships' captains, who often feared and distrusted the Indian men. The Chinooks welcomed white men not only for the new trade goods they brought, but also for the new outlets they provided Chinook goods, which reached Vancouver Island and as far north as Alaska. The trade was advantageous for the white men, too, for British and American ships that carried sea otter furs from the Northwest Coast to China often realized enormous profits. Although the first white men in the trade were seamen, land-based traders set up posts on the Columbia not long after American explorers Lewis and Clark blazed the trail from the United States to the Pacific Northwest in 1805. John Jacob Astor's men founded the first successful white trading post at Fort Astoria, the site of today's Astoria, Oregon, and the North West Company and the Hudson's Bay Company soon followed into the territory. As more white men moved into the area, the Chinooks began to lose their favored position as middlemen in the trade. Alcohol; new diseases such as smallpox, influenza, and venereal disease; intertribal warfare; and the growing number of white settlers soon led to the near extinction of the Chinooks. By 1&51, when the first treaty was made between them and the United States government, they were living in small, fragmented bands scattered throughout the territory. Today the Chinook Indians are working to revive their tribal traditions and history and to establish a new tribal economy within the white man's system.
Author: Alěs Hrdlička
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 566
Get Book
Book Description
Author: H. Ales
Publisher: Рипол Классик
ISBN: 1149214821
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book
Book Description
Author: Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : America
Languages : en
Pages : 552
Get Book
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 550
Get Book
Book Description
Author: Statens etnografiska museum (Sweden)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Anthropology
Languages : en
Pages : 588
Get Book
Book Description
Author: Gregory Shushan
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190872497
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 294
Get Book
Book Description
Near-death experiences are known around the world and throughout human history. They are sometimes reported by individuals who have revived from a period of clinical death or near-death and they typically feature sensations of leaving the body, entering and emerging from darkness, meeting deceased friends and relatives, encountering beings of light, judgment of one's earthly life, feelings of oneness, and reaching barriers, only to return to the body. Those who have NDEs almost invariably understand them as having profound spiritual or religious significance. In this book, Gregory Shushan explores the relationship between NDEs, shamanism, and beliefs about the afterlife in traditional indigenous societies in Africa, North America, and Oceania. Drawing on historical accounts of the earliest encounters with explorers, missionaries, and ethnologists, this study addresses questions such as: Do ideas about the afterlife commonly originate in NDEs? What role does culture play in how people experience and interpret NDEs? How can we account for cross-cultural similarities and differences between afterlife beliefs? Though NDEs are universal, Shushan shows that how they are actually experienced and interpreted varies by region and culture. In North America, they were commonly valorized, and attempts were made to replicate them through shamanic rituals. In Africa, however, they were largely considered aberrational events with links to possession or sorcery. In Oceania, Micronesia corresponded more to the African model, while Australia had a greater focus on afterlife journey shamanism, and Polynesia and Melanesia showed an almost casual acceptance of the phenomenon as reflected in numerous myths, legends, and historical accounts. This study examines the continuum of similarities and differences between NDEs, shamanism, and afterlife beliefs in dozens of cultures throughout these regions. In the process, it makes a valuable contribution to our knowledge about the origins of afterlife beliefs around the world and the significance of related experiences in human history.
