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Author: Everest Media,
Publisher: Everest Media LLC
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
Please note: This is a companion version & not the original book. Sample Book Insights: #1 Conventional wisdom states that coercion is rare, but I demonstrate that it is used frequently and to great effect. I define coercive engineered migration as the cross-border population movements that are deliberately created or manipulated to induce political, military, and economic concessions from a target state or states. #2 Coercive engineered migration is when a group is expelled from its land or property by another group in order to take it over or eliminate them as a threat. It is a subset of a broader class of events that rely on the creation and exploitation of crises as means to political and military ends. #3 There have been at least 56 attempts at coercive engineered migration since the 1951 Refugee Convention. The groups of people exploited have ranged from co-nationals to migrants and asylum seekers from abroad. #4 The prevalence of coercive engineered migration is difficult to measure, as it is often embedded within outflows that are also engineered for other reasons. It is significantly less common than interstate territorial disputes, but more prevalent than both intrastate wars and extended intermediate deterrence crises.
Author: Everest Media,
Publisher: Everest Media LLC
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 44
Get Book
Book Description
Please note: This is a companion version & not the original book. Sample Book Insights: #1 Conventional wisdom states that coercion is rare, but I demonstrate that it is used frequently and to great effect. I define coercive engineered migration as the cross-border population movements that are deliberately created or manipulated to induce political, military, and economic concessions from a target state or states. #2 Coercive engineered migration is when a group is expelled from its land or property by another group in order to take it over or eliminate them as a threat. It is a subset of a broader class of events that rely on the creation and exploitation of crises as means to political and military ends. #3 There have been at least 56 attempts at coercive engineered migration since the 1951 Refugee Convention. The groups of people exploited have ranged from co-nationals to migrants and asylum seekers from abroad. #4 The prevalence of coercive engineered migration is difficult to measure, as it is often embedded within outflows that are also engineered for other reasons. It is significantly less common than interstate territorial disputes, but more prevalent than both intrastate wars and extended intermediate deterrence crises.
Author: Kelly M. Greenhill
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 0801457424
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
At first glance, the U.S. decision to escalate the war in Vietnam in the mid-1960s, China's position on North Korea's nuclear program in the late 1990s and early 2000s, and the EU resolution to lift what remained of the arms embargo against Libya in the mid-2000s would appear to share little in common. Yet each of these seemingly unconnected and far-reaching foreign policy decisions resulted at least in part from the exercise of a unique kind of coercion, one predicated on the intentional creation, manipulation, and exploitation of real or threatened mass population movements. In Weapons of Mass Migration, Kelly M. Greenhill offers the first systematic examination of this widely deployed but largely unrecognized instrument of state influence. She shows both how often this unorthodox brand of coercion has been attempted (more than fifty times in the last half century) and how successful it has been (well over half the time). She also tackles the questions of who employs this policy tool, to what ends, and how and why it ever works. Coercers aim to affect target states' behavior by exploiting the existence of competing political interests and groups, Greenhill argues, and by manipulating the costs or risks imposed on target state populations. This "coercion by punishment" strategy can be effected in two ways: the first relies on straightforward threats to overwhelm a target's capacity to accommodate a refugee or migrant influx; the second, on a kind of norms-enhanced political blackmail that exploits the existence of legal and normative commitments to those fleeing violence, persecution, or privation. The theory is further illustrated and tested in a variety of case studies from Europe, East Asia, and North America. To help potential targets better respond to-and protect themselves against-this kind of unconventional predation, Weapons of Mass Migration also offers practicable policy recommendations for scholars, government officials, and anyone concerned about the true victims of this kind of coercion—the displaced themselves.
Author: Kelly M. Greenhill
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 019084633X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 385
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Book Description
In 'Coercion', leading international relations scholars Kelly M. Greenhill and Peter Krause have gathered together an eminent cast of contributors to produce what promises to be a field-shaping work on one of IR's most essential subjects: coercion, whether in the form of compellence, deterrence, or a mix of the two. The volume moves beyond these traditional premises and examines the critical issue of coercion in the 21st century, capturing fresh theoretical and policy relevant developments and drawing upon data and cases from across time and around the globe.
Author: Peter Andreas
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 0801457068
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 299
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Book Description
At least 200,000-250,000 people died in the war in Bosnia. "There are three million child soldiers in Africa." "More than 650,000 civilians have been killed as a result of the U.S. occupation of Iraq." "Between 600,000 and 800,000 women are trafficked across borders every year." "Money laundering represents as much as 10 percent of global GDP." "Internet child porn is a $20 billion-a-year industry." These are big, attention-grabbing numbers, frequently used in policy debates and media reporting. Peter Andreas and Kelly M. Greenhill see only one problem: these numbers are probably false. Their continued use and abuse reflect a much larger and troubling pattern: policymakers and the media naively or deliberately accept highly politicized and questionable statistical claims about activities that are extremely difficult to measure. As a result, we too often become trapped by these mythical numbers, with perverse and counterproductive consequences. This problem exists in myriad policy realms. But it is particularly pronounced in statistics related to the politically charged realms of global crime and conflict-numbers of people killed in massacres and during genocides, the size of refugee flows, the magnitude of the illicit global trade in drugs and human beings, and so on. In Sex, Drugs, and Body Counts, political scientists, anthropologists, sociologists, and policy analysts critically examine the murky origins of some of these statistics and trace their remarkable proliferation. They also assess the standard metrics used to evaluate policy effectiveness in combating problems such as terrorist financing, sex trafficking, and the drug trade.
Author: Dennis L. Noble
Publisher: New Perspectives on Maritime H
ISBN: 9780813036069
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Puts a human face on both undocumented migrants and those who enforce policy "Illustrates the complexities and heartbreak of attempting to enforce U.S. immigration laws." --David Kyle, University of California, Davis "Noble skillfully interweaves tales of bravery, compassion and skill on the part of U.S. Coast Guard servicemen with moving portraits of those willing to risk their lives in dank, overcrowded holds and on rickety rafts for a chance at a new life in the U.S."--Kelly M. Greenhill, author ofWeapons of Mass Migration: Forced Displacement, Coercion and Foreign Policy Of all the hot-button issues facing the United States in the early twenty-first century, perhaps none is presently generating more passion than illegal immigration. But what the vociferous public debates and sound bites often miss is that the story is far larger than the land border with Mexico. The U.S. Coast Guard has been charged with preventing undocumented migrants from entering the country for its entire existence. Best known, perhaps, for rescuing lives and preventing the smuggling of goods, the USCG is the only branch of the armed forces actually charged with law enforcement. Dennis Noble highlights the policies, strategy, and tactics used by the U.S. Coast Guard in enforcing immigration laws. But throughout, the focus remains on the human stories--both those of the small group of men and women charged with carrying out a difficult mission as well as those of the desperate men and women willing to risk their lives for a chance to escape crushing poverty or persecution. In many cases, the service's interdiction responsibilities go hand in glove with rescue operations. As Rear Admiral Arthur E. Brooks puts it, "You can't do migrant operations without having your heart broken." Dennis L. Noble retired from the U.S. Coast Guard as a Senior Chief Marine Science Technician. He is the author of numerous articles and a dozen books, including The Rescue of the Gale Runner and Captain "Hell Roaring" Mike Healy. A past recipient of the U.S. Coast Guard Distinguished Public Service Award, he lives in Sequim, Washington.
Author: Jon R. Lindsay
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 1501749579
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 366
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Book Description
Militaries with state-of-the-art information technology sometimes bog down in confusing conflicts. To understand why, it is important to understand the micro-foundations of military power in the information age, and this is exactly what Jon R. Lindsay's Information Technology and Military Power gives us. As Lindsay shows, digital systems now mediate almost every effort to gather, store, display, analyze, and communicate information in military organizations. He highlights how personnel now struggle with their own information systems as much as with the enemy. Throughout this foray into networked technology in military operations, we see how information practice—the ways in which practitioners use technology in actual operations—shapes the effectiveness of military performance. The quality of information practice depends on the interaction between strategic problems and organizational solutions. Information Technology and Military Power explores information practice through a series of detailed historical cases and ethnographic studies of military organizations at war. Lindsay explains why the US military, despite all its technological advantages, has struggled for so long in unconventional conflicts against weaker adversaries. This same perspective suggests that the US retains important advantages against advanced competitors like China that are less prepared to cope with the complexity of information systems in wartime. Lindsay argues convincingly that a better understanding of how personnel actually use technology can inform the design of command and control, improve the net assessment of military power, and promote reforms to improve military performance. Warfighting problems and technical solutions keep on changing, but information practice is always stuck in between.
Author: Robert J. Art
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 9780742556706
Category : International relations
Languages : en
Pages : 556
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Book Description
First edition published in 2003.
Author: Mark Leonard
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781910118559
Category : Economic development
Languages : en
Pages : 221
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Book Description
Author: Alexander Betts
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 0801468965
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 255
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Book Description
International treaties, conventions, and organizations to protect refugees were established in the aftermath of World War II to protect people escaping targeted persecution by their own governments. However, the nature of cross-border displacement has transformed dramatically since then. Such threats as environmental change, food insecurity, and generalized violence force massive numbers of people to flee states that are unable or unwilling to ensure their basic rights, as do conditions in failed and fragile states that make possible human rights deprivations. Because these reasons do not meet the legal understanding of persecution, the victims of these circumstances are not usually recognized as “refugees,” preventing current institutions from ensuring their protection. In this book, Alexander Betts develops the concept of “survival migration” to highlight the crisis in which these people find themselves. Examining flight from three of the most fragile states in Africa—Zimbabwe, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Somalia—Betts explains variation in institutional responses across the neighboring host states. There is massive inconsistency. Some survival migrants are offered asylum as refugees; others are rounded up, detained, and deported, often in brutal conditions. The inadequacies of the current refugee regime are a disaster for human rights and gravely threaten international security. In Survival Migration, Betts outlines these failings, illustrates the enormous human suffering that results, and argues strongly for an expansion of protected categories.
Author: Jay Winter
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 0300139063
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 346
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Book Description
div This incisive study explores population movements and declining fertility in China, India, Japan, and North America in the 21st century, suggesting that politics, in addition to cultural and economic concerns, must be included as a prime determining factor in these powerful global trends. /DIV
