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Author: Johannes Koll
Publisher: Böhlau Verlag Wien
ISBN: 3205203364
Category : History
Languages : de
Pages : 542
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Book Description
Austrofaschismus, Nationalsozialismus, Entnazifizierung nach der Befreiung – die mehrfachen Regimewechsel der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts hatten auch auf die Hochschulen in Österreich gravierende Auswirkungen. ‚Säuberungen‘ beim Personal und bei den Studierenden sollten jeweils zu einer Neuausrichtung der Gesellschaft beitragen. Unter welchen Voraussetzungen, auf welche Weise und mit welchen Folgen der politisch gewollte Eingriff in die Zusammensetzung von Lehrkörper und Hörerschaft vor sich ging, wird in diesem Buch untersucht. Neben der Darstellung allgemeiner Rahmenbedingungen stehen Fallbeispiele zu einzelnen Hochschulen und die Vorstellung von Einzelschicksalen im Mittelpunkt. Dadurch werden Vergleiche zwischen den Hochschulen und zwischen den verschiedenen Regimen möglich.
Author: Johannes Koll
Publisher: Böhlau Verlag Wien
ISBN: 3205203364
Category : History
Languages : de
Pages : 542
Get Book
Book Description
Austrofaschismus, Nationalsozialismus, Entnazifizierung nach der Befreiung – die mehrfachen Regimewechsel der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts hatten auch auf die Hochschulen in Österreich gravierende Auswirkungen. ‚Säuberungen‘ beim Personal und bei den Studierenden sollten jeweils zu einer Neuausrichtung der Gesellschaft beitragen. Unter welchen Voraussetzungen, auf welche Weise und mit welchen Folgen der politisch gewollte Eingriff in die Zusammensetzung von Lehrkörper und Hörerschaft vor sich ging, wird in diesem Buch untersucht. Neben der Darstellung allgemeiner Rahmenbedingungen stehen Fallbeispiele zu einzelnen Hochschulen und die Vorstellung von Einzelschicksalen im Mittelpunkt. Dadurch werden Vergleiche zwischen den Hochschulen und zwischen den verschiedenen Regimen möglich.
Author: Mikhail A. Shifman
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN: 9789813279902
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This special book is a compilation of essays on a remarkable but little-known story that lasted over half a century of world-renown physicist, the late Sir Rudolf Peierls and his wife Genia Kannegiser. Peierls collected a lot of prestigious awards in his lifetime, and in the beginning of WW2, he and Otto Frisch were responsible for the inception of the Anglo-American nuclear program (1940). He was also one of the key contributors in the research at Los Alamos during those turbulent times. Most previous books on Peierls have focused on his scientific research, while the contents for this volume sheds light on his private life in dramatic circumstances. The extensive contributions were not only gathered from the relatives of Genia, the couple's daughters, Landau's students, and from Russian and English archives, but they also include the unique perspectives of the author who is a professional theoretical physicist and is also fluent in Russian, his native language. So, this fascinating story of love, friendship and physics between Rudolf and Genia is being told for the first time from a surprisingly new angle through correspondence between Genia and Rudolf, memoirs and other documents, interesting and informal excerpts from Peierls' private "diary" covering the years 1979-1994 that will take the reader on a journey through communism, world war, the trials and tribulations of the loving couple with distinctly very different personalities.
Author: Jane Caplan
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Civil service
Languages : en
Pages : 406
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Book Description
Analyzes the effects of Nazi ideology and practice on the civil service in Germany. Discusses the extent of support for Nazism before 1933, emphasizing the role of economic policies, pay cuts, and dismissals on increasing hostility toward the Weimar Republic. Although many civil servants feared the Nazi Party's radical image, the Nazis tried to exploit the resentment of lower grade officials, blaming republican mismanagement and infiltration by "Jewish elements." Ch. 5 (pp. 131-188) surveys the civil service's reactions to the Nazi takeover in 1933, focusing on the Interior Ministry. States that the Ministry welcomed the Civil Service Laws of 1933 since they gave the bureaucracy control over the purge of Jews and politically unreliable elements which was being carried out indiscriminately by the party.
Author: Geoffrey J. Giles
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400857783
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 382
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Book Description
This study explains the rise and evaluates the strength of the National Socialist Students' Association (NSDStB) during the whole period of its existence from 1926 to 1945. Originally published in 1985. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Author: Konrad Hugo Jarausch
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0195364503
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 369
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Book Description
How could educated professionals have supported the Nazi movement and collaborated with Hitler's inhuman policies? Jarausch examines this fascinating and largely unexplored subject, tracing the social, ideological, and political development of three representative German professions--law, teaching, and engineering--from the late Empire to the early Federal Republic. Based on a reformulated professionalization theory and on authoritative statistics, he describes professional prosperity and prestige in the Second Reich and analyzes the social crisis brought on by hyperinflation, stabilization, and Depression during the chaotic Weimar years. Threatened with the loss of livelihood and frightened by cultural disorientation, many experts embraced neo-conservative ideas and cooperated in Hitler's seizure of power. Welcoming the apparent restoration of their authority in the early Third Reich, professionals collaborated in the racial purges and warping of ethics, practices, and organizations under Nazi rule. During the Second World War, the radicalization of SS terror threatened the very survival of the professions so that most practitioners were only too happy to be rescued by Allied victory. Exploring the reluctant democratization of the post-war professions, Jarausch concludes with a reflection on the lessons of the German experience for the relationship between professionalism and liberty.
Author: David Schoenbaum
Publisher: Doubleday
ISBN: 0307822338
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Book Description
The author attempts to analyze Hitler's appeal to German farmers, workers, businessmen, industrialists, women and youth. Beginning with Germany's social situation after World War I, he demonstrates how Hitler improvised a programme that claimed to offer a classless society.
Author: Edward Norman Peterson
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400878098
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 497
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Book Description
Professor Peterson examines these questions in relation to Hitler's government with its reputedly unlimited internal power; he traces the flow of power throughout the Nazi state from 1933 to 1945, from Hitler to his ministers to provincial governments. Through a detailed analysis of the province of Bavaria the author shows that Hitler did not have the absolute power often assumed; that power in a totalitarian state is far more complex than many historians have conjectured; that Hitler dealt with a vast bureaucratic structure complicated by constant internecine fighting, and that only rarely did he command complete obedience. Originally published in 1969. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Author: Michael H. Kater
Publisher: UNC Press Books
ISBN: 0807876046
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 441
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Book Description
"A brilliant attempt to explain the profound historical crisis into which medicine had plummeted during the Nazi period with the tried methods of social history.--Historische Zeitschrift "The author has drawn from an extraordinary range of sources, and the weight of evidence he compiles will certainly give pause to anyone who still wants to believe that professionals kept their hands clean in this era of great and methodical crimes.--Journal of Modern History "Kater's important book deserves close attention from historians of medicine and German historians alike.--Isis In this history of medicine and the medical profession in the Third Reich, Michael Kater examines the career patterns, educational training, professional organization, and political socialization of German physicians under Hitler. His discussion ranges widely, from doctors who participated in Nazi atrocities, to those who actively resisted the regime's perversion of healing, to the vast majority whose ideology and behavior fell somewhere between the two extremes. He also takes a chilling look at the post-Hitler medical establishment's problematic relationship to the Nazi past. -->
Author: Shifman Misha
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814619310
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 556
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Book Description
This book tells captivating stories of misadventures of two renowned theoretical physicists in the Soviet Union. The first part is devoted to Friedrich (Fritz) Houtermans, an outstanding Dutch-Austrian-German physicist who was the first to suggest that the source of stars' energy is thermonuclear fusion, and also made a number of other important contributions to cosmochemistry and geochemistry. In 1935, Houtermans, a German communist, in an attempt to save his life from Hilter's Gestapo, fled to the Soviet Union. He took up an appointment at the Kharkov Physico-Technical Institute, working there for two years with the Russian physicist Valentin P Fomin. In the Great Purge of 1937, Houtermans was arrested in December by the NKVD (Soviet Secret Police, KGB's predecessor). He was tortured, and confessed to being a Trotskyist plotter and German spy, out of fear of threats against his wife Charlotte. However, Charlotte had already escaped from the Soviet Union to Denmark, after which she went to England and finally the USA. As a result of the Hilter-Stalin Pact of 1939, Houtermans was turned over to the Gestapo in May 1940 and imprisoned in Berlin.The second part consists of two essays that narrate the life story of Yuri Golfand, one of the codiscoverers of supersymmetry, a major discovery in theoretical physics in the 20th century. In 1973, just two years after the publication of his seminal paper, he was fired from the Lebedev Physics Institute in Moscow. Because of his Jewish origin he could find no job. Under such circumstances, he applied for an exit visa to Israel, but his application was denied. Yuri Golfand became a refusnik and joined the Human rights movement, along with two other prominent physicists, Andrei Sakharov and Yuri Orlov. To earn his living, he had to do manual work, repeatedly being intimidated by KGB. Only 18 years later, shortly before the demise of the Soviet Union, did he obtain permission to leave the country, emigrating to Israel in 1990.These personal life stories of two outstanding theorists are interwined with the tragedies of the 20th century and make for compelling reading.
Author: Sabine Lee
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9812771360
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 519
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Book Description
This book contains the correspondence between Hans Bethe and Rudolf Peierls, two first-rate scientists who made important contributions to 20th century physics. The document collection is of great significance for our understanding of 20th century physics, but it also illustrates many interesting political and social aspects such as the life of (r)migr(r) scientists from Nazi-Germany on both sides of the Atlantic and the political activities of nuclear scientists after the development of the atomic bomb. Furthermore, the letters exchanged between Bethe and Peierls facilitate the appreciation of information transfer between Europe and the US and they shed light on mechanisms of higher education and academic research. Spanning almost seven decades, this almost uninterrupted correspondence is a unique source of 20th century hist
