Author: Carolyn Rhodes
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 9780801428647
Category : Reciprocity
Languages : en
Pages : 272
Book Description
Reciprocity, U.S. Trade Policy, and the GATT Regime
Author: Carolyn Rhodes
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 9780801428647
Category : Reciprocity
Languages : en
Pages : 272
Book Description
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 9780801428647
Category : Reciprocity
Languages : en
Pages : 272
Book Description
Reciprocity and Retaliation in U.S. Trade Policy
Author: Thomas O. Bayard
Publisher: Peterson Institute for International Economics
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 540
Book Description
Should the United States use retaliatory threats to open foreign markets or deter unfair trading practices? This study reexamines the arguments for and against reciprocity and retaliatory threats in light of actual experience since early 1975, especially the United States' aggressive use of the section 301, special 301, and super 301 provisions of US trade law, which gives the president broad authority to retaliate against "unjustifiable, unreasonable, or discriminatory" foreign trade practices. It analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these policies and the circumstances under which they are likely to succeed or fail. The study contains an empirical assessment of all section 301 cases concluded between 1975 and 1993. It also provides detailed case studies of various trade conflicts, including the super 301 negotiations involving Japan, Brazil, India, Taiwan, and Korea, financial services disputes with Japan and the European Union, the US-EU conflict over oilseeds, and the US-Japan beef and citrus negotiations. It concludes with an assessment of how the world trading system will change in the aftermath of the Uruguay Round of multilateral negotiations and why it is necessary and desirable for US policy to move from aggressive unilateralism to a strategy of aggressive multilateralism.
Publisher: Peterson Institute for International Economics
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 540
Book Description
Should the United States use retaliatory threats to open foreign markets or deter unfair trading practices? This study reexamines the arguments for and against reciprocity and retaliatory threats in light of actual experience since early 1975, especially the United States' aggressive use of the section 301, special 301, and super 301 provisions of US trade law, which gives the president broad authority to retaliate against "unjustifiable, unreasonable, or discriminatory" foreign trade practices. It analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these policies and the circumstances under which they are likely to succeed or fail. The study contains an empirical assessment of all section 301 cases concluded between 1975 and 1993. It also provides detailed case studies of various trade conflicts, including the super 301 negotiations involving Japan, Brazil, India, Taiwan, and Korea, financial services disputes with Japan and the European Union, the US-EU conflict over oilseeds, and the US-Japan beef and citrus negotiations. It concludes with an assessment of how the world trading system will change in the aftermath of the Uruguay Round of multilateral negotiations and why it is necessary and desirable for US policy to move from aggressive unilateralism to a strategy of aggressive multilateralism.
Reciprocity & Retaliation
Author: Thomas O. Bayard
Publisher: Peterson Institute
ISBN: 9780881321531
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 503
Book Description
A study re-examining the arguments for and against aggressive trade policies on the part of the USA in opening up foreign markets or in deterring unfair trading practices since the early 1980s. In particular, the author examines the effects of Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974.
Publisher: Peterson Institute
ISBN: 9780881321531
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 503
Book Description
A study re-examining the arguments for and against aggressive trade policies on the part of the USA in opening up foreign markets or in deterring unfair trading practices since the early 1980s. In particular, the author examines the effects of Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974.
Empowering Exporters
Author: Michael J. Gilligan
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
ISBN: 0472027158
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 421
Book Description
Until the New Deal, most groups seeking protection from imports were successful in obtaining relief from Congress. In general the cost of paying the tariffs for consumers was less than the cost of mounting collective action to stop the tariffs. In 1934, with the passage of the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act, all of this changed. The six decades that followed have produced a remarkable liberalization of trade policy in the United States. This occurred despite the fact that domestic politics, according to some of the best developed theories, should have prevented this liberalization. Michael Gilligan argues that liberalization has succeeded because it has been reciprocal with liberalization in other countries. Our trade barriers have been reduced as an explicit quid pro quo for reduction of trade barriers in other countries. Reciprocity, Gilligan argues, gives exporters the incentive to support free trade policies because it gives them a clear gain from free trade and thus enables the exporters to overcome collective action problems. The lobbying by exporters, balancing the interests of groups seeking protection, changes the preferences of political leaders in favor of more liberalization. Gilligan tests his theory in a detailed exploration of the history of American trade policy and in a quantitative analysis showing increases in the demand for liberalization as the result of reciprocity in trade legislation from 1890 to the present. This book should appeal to political scientists, economists, and those who want to understand the political underpinnings of American trade policy. Michael J. Gilligan is Assistant Professor of Politics, New York University.
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
ISBN: 0472027158
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 421
Book Description
Until the New Deal, most groups seeking protection from imports were successful in obtaining relief from Congress. In general the cost of paying the tariffs for consumers was less than the cost of mounting collective action to stop the tariffs. In 1934, with the passage of the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act, all of this changed. The six decades that followed have produced a remarkable liberalization of trade policy in the United States. This occurred despite the fact that domestic politics, according to some of the best developed theories, should have prevented this liberalization. Michael Gilligan argues that liberalization has succeeded because it has been reciprocal with liberalization in other countries. Our trade barriers have been reduced as an explicit quid pro quo for reduction of trade barriers in other countries. Reciprocity, Gilligan argues, gives exporters the incentive to support free trade policies because it gives them a clear gain from free trade and thus enables the exporters to overcome collective action problems. The lobbying by exporters, balancing the interests of groups seeking protection, changes the preferences of political leaders in favor of more liberalization. Gilligan tests his theory in a detailed exploration of the history of American trade policy and in a quantitative analysis showing increases in the demand for liberalization as the result of reciprocity in trade legislation from 1890 to the present. This book should appeal to political scientists, economists, and those who want to understand the political underpinnings of American trade policy. Michael J. Gilligan is Assistant Professor of Politics, New York University.
Trade Reciprocity II
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Subcommittee on International Trade
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Foreign trade regulation
Languages : en
Pages : 402
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Foreign trade regulation
Languages : en
Pages : 402
Book Description
"Reciprocity"
Author: William R. Cline
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 50
Book Description
Analyzes the US push for equal access to foreign markets.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 50
Book Description
Analyzes the US push for equal access to foreign markets.
U.S. Trade Policy
Author: William A. Lovett
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317453166
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 259
Book Description
Lovett (Tulane Law School), Eckes (a former commissioner of the U.S. International Commission during the Reagan and Bush I administrations), and Brinkman (international economics, Portland State U.) evaluate the evolution of U.S. trade policy, focusing on the period from the establishment of the Gen
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317453166
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 259
Book Description
Lovett (Tulane Law School), Eckes (a former commissioner of the U.S. International Commission during the Reagan and Bush I administrations), and Brinkman (international economics, Portland State U.) evaluate the evolution of U.S. trade policy, focusing on the period from the establishment of the Gen
The Commercial Reciprocity Policy of the United States, 1774-1829
Author: Vernon G. Setser
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN: 1512818631
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 320
Book Description
The inception of American trade policy as defined by leaders in the Government and as reflected in twenty commercial treaties made with foreign powers during the period.
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN: 1512818631
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 320
Book Description
The inception of American trade policy as defined by leaders in the Government and as reflected in twenty commercial treaties made with foreign powers during the period.
Trading Free
Author: Patrick Low
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 320
Book Description
Low, who worked in the GATT secretariat in Geneva from 1980 to 1988 and is currently a senior economist at the World Bank, argues that if the GATT stalemate persists for too long, or if ambiguous compromises are allowed to pass for a Uruguay Round "success," the current drift toward managed trade and the insulation of privileged sectors from international competition will intensify, while opportunities for growth and employment creation will be lost. Distributed by the Brookings Institution. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 320
Book Description
Low, who worked in the GATT secretariat in Geneva from 1980 to 1988 and is currently a senior economist at the World Bank, argues that if the GATT stalemate persists for too long, or if ambiguous compromises are allowed to pass for a Uruguay Round "success," the current drift toward managed trade and the insulation of privileged sectors from international competition will intensify, while opportunities for growth and employment creation will be lost. Distributed by the Brookings Institution. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Aggressive U.S. Reciprocity Evaluated with a New Analytical Approach to Trade Conflicts
Author: Ronald J. Wonnacott
Publisher: Institute for Research on Public Policy = Institut de recherches politiques
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 98
Book Description
Publisher: Institute for Research on Public Policy = Institut de recherches politiques
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 98
Book Description