Matrix of Thought - Cognitive Fallacies and Biases of Human Brain PDF Download
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Author: Gunjan Sharma
Publisher: Gunjan Sharma
ISBN:
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 327
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Book Description
In the vast landscape of human cognition lies a fascinating array of quirks, biases, and fallacies that shape our perceptions, decisions, and interactions with the world around us. From the seemingly innocuous choices we make in our daily lives to the grand decisions that shape the course of history, our minds are influenced by a myriad of cognitive shortcuts and pitfalls. Welcome to a journey through the labyrinth of the human mind—a journey that delves into the fascinating realm of cognitive biases and mental fallacies. In this book, we explore over 60 of these intriguing phenomena, shedding light on the subtle ways in which our brains can lead us astray. As we embark on this exploration, it's essential to recognize that the human mind is a marvel of evolution, finely tuned to navigate the complex world in which we live. Yet, despite its remarkable capabilities, our minds are not immune to error. In fact, they are prone to a host of biases and fallacies that can distort our perceptions, cloud our judgments, and undermine our decision-making. Why do we often overestimate our abilities and underestimate risks? Why do we cling to our beliefs in the face of contradictory evidence? Why do we find it challenging to resist the allure of instant gratification, even when it comes at the expense of long-term goals? These are just a few of the questions we will explore as we journey through the fascinating landscape of cognitive biases and mental fallacies. By understanding these phenomena, we gain invaluable insights into the workings of our own minds and those of others. Armed with this knowledge, we can begin to recognize the subtle ways in which biases and fallacies shape our thoughts and behaviors. We can learn to question our assumptions, challenge our beliefs, and make more informed decisions in our personal and professional lives. Moreover, by shining a light on these cognitive quirks, we can cultivate a greater sense of empathy and understanding towards others. We come to realize that we are all susceptible to the same cognitive biases and mental fallacies, regardless of age, gender, or background. In recognizing our shared humanity, we can foster deeper connections and build bridges of understanding in an increasingly divided world. So, join me as we embark on a journey of discovery—a journey that will challenge our assumptions, expand our horizons, and illuminate the hidden workings of the human mind. Together, let us explore the fascinating world of cognitive biases and mental fallacies, and emerge with a newfound appreciation for the complexity of human cognition. Happy Learning! Gunjan Sharma
Author: Gunjan Sharma
Publisher: Gunjan Sharma
ISBN:
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 327
Get Book
Book Description
In the vast landscape of human cognition lies a fascinating array of quirks, biases, and fallacies that shape our perceptions, decisions, and interactions with the world around us. From the seemingly innocuous choices we make in our daily lives to the grand decisions that shape the course of history, our minds are influenced by a myriad of cognitive shortcuts and pitfalls. Welcome to a journey through the labyrinth of the human mind—a journey that delves into the fascinating realm of cognitive biases and mental fallacies. In this book, we explore over 60 of these intriguing phenomena, shedding light on the subtle ways in which our brains can lead us astray. As we embark on this exploration, it's essential to recognize that the human mind is a marvel of evolution, finely tuned to navigate the complex world in which we live. Yet, despite its remarkable capabilities, our minds are not immune to error. In fact, they are prone to a host of biases and fallacies that can distort our perceptions, cloud our judgments, and undermine our decision-making. Why do we often overestimate our abilities and underestimate risks? Why do we cling to our beliefs in the face of contradictory evidence? Why do we find it challenging to resist the allure of instant gratification, even when it comes at the expense of long-term goals? These are just a few of the questions we will explore as we journey through the fascinating landscape of cognitive biases and mental fallacies. By understanding these phenomena, we gain invaluable insights into the workings of our own minds and those of others. Armed with this knowledge, we can begin to recognize the subtle ways in which biases and fallacies shape our thoughts and behaviors. We can learn to question our assumptions, challenge our beliefs, and make more informed decisions in our personal and professional lives. Moreover, by shining a light on these cognitive quirks, we can cultivate a greater sense of empathy and understanding towards others. We come to realize that we are all susceptible to the same cognitive biases and mental fallacies, regardless of age, gender, or background. In recognizing our shared humanity, we can foster deeper connections and build bridges of understanding in an increasingly divided world. So, join me as we embark on a journey of discovery—a journey that will challenge our assumptions, expand our horizons, and illuminate the hidden workings of the human mind. Together, let us explore the fascinating world of cognitive biases and mental fallacies, and emerge with a newfound appreciation for the complexity of human cognition. Happy Learning! Gunjan Sharma
Author: Rüdiger Pohl
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1841693510
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 452
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Book Description
Cognitive Illusions investigates a wide range of fascinating psychological effects in the way we think, judge and remember in our everyday lives. At the beginning of each chapter, leading researchers in the field introduce the background to phenomena such as illusions of control, overconfidence and hindsight bias. This is followed by an explanation of the experimental context in which these illusions can be investigated and a theoretical discussion drawing conclusions about the wider implications of these fallacy and bias effects. Written with researchers and instructors in mind, this tightly edited, reader-friendly text provides both an overview of research in the area and many lively pedagogic features such as chapter summaries, further reading lists and suggestions for classroom demonstrations.
Author: Buster Benson
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 0525540105
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 290
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Book Description
Have you ever walked away from an argument and suddenly thought of all the brilliant things you wish you'd said? Do you avoid certain family members and colleagues because of bitter, festering tension that you can't figure out how to address? Now, finally, there's a solution: a new framework that frees you from the trap of unproductive conflict and pointless arguing forever. If the threat of raised voices, emotional outbursts, and public discord makes you want to hide under the conference room table, you're not alone. Conflict, or the fear of it, can be exhausting. But as this powerful book argues, conflict doesn't have to be unpleasant. In fact, properly channeled, conflict can be the most valuable tool we have at our disposal for deepening relationships, solving problems, and coming up with new ideas. As the mastermind behind some of the highest-performing teams at Amazon, Twitter, and Slack, Buster Benson spent decades facilitating hard conversations in stressful environments. In this book, Buster reveals the psychological underpinnings of awkward, unproductive conflict and the critical habits anyone can learn to avoid it. Armed with a deeper understanding of how arguments, you'll be able to: Remain confident when you're put on the spot Diffuse tense moments with a few strategic questions Facilitate creative solutions even when your team has radically different perspectives Why Are We Yelling will shatter your assumptions about what makes arguments productive. You'll find yourself having fewer repetitive, predictable fights once you're empowered to identify your biases, listen with an open mind, and communicate well.
Author: Laurence J. Kirmayer
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108580572
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 683
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Book Description
Recent neuroscience research makes it clear that human biology is cultural biology - we develop and live our lives in socially constructed worlds that vary widely in their structure values, and institutions. This integrative volume brings together interdisciplinary perspectives from the human, social, and biological sciences to explore culture, mind, and brain interactions and their impact on personal and societal issues. Contributors provide a fresh look at emerging concepts, models, and applications of the co-constitution of culture, mind, and brain. Chapters survey the latest theoretical and methodological insights alongside the challenges in this area, and describe how these new ideas are being applied in the sciences, humanities, arts, mental health, and everyday life. Readers will gain new appreciation of the ways in which our unique biology and cultural diversity shape behavior and experience, and our ongoing adaptation to a constantly changing world.
Author: Geoffrey Ellis
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319958313
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 184
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Book Description
This book brings together the latest research in this new and exciting area of visualization, looking at classifying and modelling cognitive biases, together with user studies which reveal their undesirable impact on human judgement, and demonstrating how visual analytic techniques can provide effective support for mitigating key biases. A comprehensive coverage of this very relevant topic is provided though this collection of extended papers from the successful DECISIVe workshop at IEEE VIS, together with an introduction to cognitive biases and an invited chapter from a leading expert in intelligence analysis. Cognitive Biases in Visualizations will be of interest to a wide audience from those studying cognitive biases to visualization designers and practitioners. It offers a choice of research frameworks, help with the design of user studies, and proposals for the effective measurement of biases. The impact of human visualization literacy, competence and human cognition on cognitive biases are also examined, as well as the notion of system-induced biases. The well referenced chapters provide an excellent starting point for gaining an awareness of the detrimental effect that some cognitive biases can have on users’ decision-making. Human behavior is complex and we are only just starting to unravel the processes involved and investigate ways in which the computer can assist, however the final section supports the prospect that visual analytics, in particular, can counter some of the more common cognitive errors, which have been proven to be so costly.
Author: Richards J Heuer
Publisher: Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN: 1839743050
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
In this seminal work, published by the C.I.A. itself, produced by Intelligence veteran Richards Heuer discusses three pivotal points. First, human minds are ill-equipped ("poorly wired") to cope effectively with both inherent and induced uncertainty. Second, increased knowledge of our inherent biases tends to be of little assistance to the analyst. And lastly, tools and techniques that apply higher levels of critical thinking can substantially improve analysis on complex problems.
Author: Shane Parrish
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 0593719972
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Discover the essential thinking tools you’ve been missing with The Great Mental Models series by Shane Parrish, New York Times bestselling author and the mind behind the acclaimed Farnam Street blog and “The Knowledge Project” podcast. This first book in the series is your guide to learning the crucial thinking tools nobody ever taught you. Time and time again, great thinkers such as Charlie Munger and Warren Buffett have credited their success to mental models–representations of how something works that can scale onto other fields. Mastering a small number of mental models enables you to rapidly grasp new information, identify patterns others miss, and avoid the common mistakes that hold people back. The Great Mental Models: Volume 1, General Thinking Concepts shows you how making a few tiny changes in the way you think can deliver big results. Drawing on examples from history, business, art, and science, this book details nine of the most versatile, all-purpose mental models you can use right away to improve your decision making and productivity. This book will teach you how to: Avoid blind spots when looking at problems. Find non-obvious solutions. Anticipate and achieve desired outcomes. Play to your strengths, avoid your weaknesses, … and more. The Great Mental Models series demystifies once elusive concepts and illuminates rich knowledge that traditional education overlooks. This series is the most comprehensive and accessible guide on using mental models to better understand our world, solve problems, and gain an advantage.
Author: Daniel Kahneman
Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN: 1429969350
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 511
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Book Description
Major New York Times bestseller Winner of the National Academy of Sciences Best Book Award in 2012 Selected by the New York Times Book Review as one of the ten best books of 2011 A Globe and Mail Best Books of the Year 2011 Title One of The Economist's 2011 Books of the Year One of The Wall Street Journal's Best Nonfiction Books of the Year 2011 2013 Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipient Kahneman's work with Amos Tversky is the subject of Michael Lewis's The Undoing Project: A Friendship That Changed Our Minds In his mega bestseller, Thinking, Fast and Slow, Daniel Kahneman, the renowned psychologist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics, takes us on a groundbreaking tour of the mind and explains the two systems that drive the way we think. System 1 is fast, intuitive, and emotional; System 2 is slower, more deliberative, and more logical. The impact of overconfidence on corporate strategies, the difficulties of predicting what will make us happy in the future, the profound effect of cognitive biases on everything from playing the stock market to planning our next vacation—each of these can be understood only by knowing how the two systems shape our judgments and decisions. Engaging the reader in a lively conversation about how we think, Kahneman reveals where we can and cannot trust our intuitions and how we can tap into the benefits of slow thinking. He offers practical and enlightening insights into how choices are made in both our business and our personal lives—and how we can use different techniques to guard against the mental glitches that often get us into trouble. Winner of the National Academy of Sciences Best Book Award and the Los Angeles Times Book Prize and selected by The New York Times Book Review as one of the ten best books of 2011, Thinking, Fast and Slow is destined to be a classic.
Author: Antonio Damasio
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 014303622X
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 338
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Book Description
Since Descartes famously proclaimed, "I think, therefore I am," science has often overlooked emotions as the source of a person’s true being. Even modern neuroscience has tended, until recently, to concentrate on the cognitive aspects of brain function, disregarding emotions. This attitude began to change with the publication of Descartes’ Error in 1995. Antonio Damasio—"one of the world’s leading neurologists" (The New York Times)—challenged traditional ideas about the connection between emotions and rationality. In this wondrously engaging book, Damasio takes the reader on a journey of scientific discovery through a series of case studies, demonstrating what many of us have long suspected: emotions are not a luxury, they are essential to rational thinking and to normal social behavior.
Author: Keith E. Stanovich
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 0300142536
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 325
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Book Description
Critics of intelligence tests writers such as Robert Sternberg, Howard Gardner, and Daniel Goleman have argued in recent years that these tests neglect important qualities such as emotion, empathy, and interpersonal skills. However, such critiques imply that though intelligence tests may miss certain key noncognitive areas, they encompass most of what is important in the cognitive domain. In this book, Keith E. Stanovich challenges this widely held assumption.Stanovich shows that IQ tests (or their proxies, such as the SAT) are radically incomplete as measures of cognitive functioning. They fail to assess traits that most people associate with good thinking, skills such as judgment and decision making. Such cognitive skills are crucial to real-world behavior, affecting the way we plan, evaluate critical evidence, judge risks and probabilities, and make effective decisions. IQ tests fail to assess these skills of rational thought, even though they are measurable cognitive processes. Rational thought is just as important as intelligence, Stanovich argues, and it should be valued as highly as the abilities currently measured on intelligence tests.
