Author: Philippe Palanque
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364211749X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 125
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Book Description
th HESSD 2009 was the 7 IFIP WG 13.5 Working Conference in the series on Human Error, Safety and Systems Development which looks at integration of usability, human factors and human–computer interaction within system - th velopment. This edition was jointly organized with the 8 TAMODIA event on Tasks, Models and Diagrams for User Interface Development. There is an obvious synergy between the two previously separated events, as a rigorous, - gineering approach to user interface development can help in the prevention of human error and the maintenance of safety in critical interactive systems. Following the tradition of HESSD events, the papers in these proceedings address the problem of developing systems that support human interaction with complex, safety-critical applications. The last 30 years have seen a signi?cant reduction in the accident rates across many di?erent industries. Given these achievements, why do we need further research in this area? Recent accidents in a range of industries have increased concern over the design, management and control of safety-critical systems. Therefore, any system that involves human lives in its functioning is subject to safety-criticalaspects. Contributions such as the one by Holloway and Johnson (2004) report that over 80% of accidents in aeronautics are attributed to human error.
Author: Philippe Palanque
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3642117503
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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Book Description
th HESSD 2009 was the 7 IFIP WG 13.5 Working Conference in the series on Human Error, Safety and Systems Development which looks at integration of usability, human factors and human–computer interaction within system - th velopment. This edition was jointly organized with the 8 TAMODIA event on Tasks, Models and Diagrams for User Interface Development. There is an obvious synergy between the two previously separated events, as a rigorous, - gineering approach to user interface development can help in the prevention of human error and the maintenance of safety in critical interactive systems. Following the tradition of HESSD events, the papers in these proceedings address the problem of developing systems that support human interaction with complex, safety-critical applications. The last 30 years have seen a signi?cant reduction in the accident rates across many di?erent industries. Given these achievements, why do we need further research in this area? Recent accidents in a range of industries have increased concern over the design, management and control of safety-critical systems. Therefore, any system that involves human lives in its functioning is subject to safety-criticalaspects. Contributions such as the one by Holloway and Johnson (2004) report that over 80% of accidents in aeronautics are attributed to human error.
Author: Philippe Palanque
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9781441954879
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Recent accidents in a range of industries have increased concern over the design, development, management and control of safety-critical systems. Attention has now focused upon the role of human error both in the development and in the operation of complex processes. Human Error, Safety and Systems Development gathers contributions from practitioners and researchers presenting and discussing leading edge techniques that can be used to mitigate the impact of error (both system and human) on safety-critical systems. Some of these contributions can be easily integrated into existing systems engineering practices while others provide a more theoretical and fundamental perspective on the issues raised by these kinds of interactive systems. More precisely the contributions cover the following themes: –Techniques for incident and accident analysis; –Empirical studies of operator behaviour in safety-critical systems; –Observational studies of safety-critical systems; –Risk assessment techniques for interactive systems; –Safety-related interface design, development and testing; –Formal description techniques for the design and development of safety-critical interactive systems. Many diverse sectors are covered, including but not limited to aviation, maritime and the other transportation industries, the healthcare industry, process and power generation and military applications. This volume contains 20 original and significant contributions addressing these critical questions. The papers were presented at the 7th IFIP Working Group 13.5 Working Conference on Human Error, Safety and Systems Development, which was held in August 2004 in conjunction with the 18th IFIP World Computer Congress in Toulouse, France, and sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP).
Author: Sidney Dekker
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1410612066
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 233
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Book Description
Ten Questions About Human Error asks the type of questions frequently posed in incident and accident investigations, people's own practice, managerial and organizational settings, policymaking, classrooms, Crew Resource Management Training, and error research. It is one installment in a larger transformation that has begun to identify both deep-rooted constraints and new leverage points of views of human factors and system safety. The ten questions about human error are not just questions about human error as a phenomenon, but also about human factors and system safety as disciplines, and where they stand today. In asking these questions and sketching the answers to them, this book attempts to show where current thinking is limited--where vocabulary, models, ideas, and notions are constraining progress. This volume looks critically at the answers human factors would typically provide and compares/contrasts them with current research insights. Each chapter provides directions for new ideas and models that could perhaps better cope with the complexity of the problems facing human error today. As such, this book can be used as a supplement for a variety of human factors courses.
Author: CCPS (Center for Chemical Process Safety)
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470925086
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
Almost all the major accident investigations--Texas City, Piper Alpha, the Phillips 66 explosion, Feyzin, Mexico City--show human error as the principal cause, either in design, operations, maintenance, or the management of safety. This book provides practical advice that can substantially reduce human error at all levels. In eight chapters--packed with case studies and examples of simple and advanced techniques for new and existing systems--the book challenges the assumption that human error is "unavoidable." Instead, it suggests a systems perspective. This view sees error as a consequence of a mismatch between human capabilities and demands and inappropriate organizational culture. This makes error a manageable factor and, therefore, avoidable.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309068371
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
Experts estimate that as many as 98,000 people die in any given year from medical errors that occur in hospitals. That's more than die from motor vehicle accidents, breast cancer, or AIDSâ€"three causes that receive far more public attention. Indeed, more people die annually from medication errors than from workplace injuries. Add the financial cost to the human tragedy, and medical error easily rises to the top ranks of urgent, widespread public problems. To Err Is Human breaks the silence that has surrounded medical errors and their consequenceâ€"but not by pointing fingers at caring health care professionals who make honest mistakes. After all, to err is human. Instead, this book sets forth a national agendaâ€"with state and local implicationsâ€"for reducing medical errors and improving patient safety through the design of a safer health system. This volume reveals the often startling statistics of medical error and the disparity between the incidence of error and public perception of it, given many patients' expectations that the medical profession always performs perfectly. A careful examination is made of how the surrounding forces of legislation, regulation, and market activity influence the quality of care provided by health care organizations and then looks at their handling of medical mistakes. Using a detailed case study, the book reviews the current understanding of why these mistakes happen. A key theme is that legitimate liability concerns discourage reporting of errorsâ€"which begs the question, "How can we learn from our mistakes?" Balancing regulatory versus market-based initiatives and public versus private efforts, the Institute of Medicine presents wide-ranging recommendations for improving patient safety, in the areas of leadership, improved data collection and analysis, and development of effective systems at the level of direct patient care. To Err Is Human asserts that the problem is not bad people in health careâ€"it is that good people are working in bad systems that need to be made safer. Comprehensive and straightforward, this book offers a clear prescription for raising the level of patient safety in American health care. It also explains how patients themselves can influence the quality of care that they receive once they check into the hospital. This book will be vitally important to federal, state, and local health policy makers and regulators, health professional licensing officials, hospital administrators, medical educators and students, health caregivers, health journalists, patient advocatesâ€"as well as patients themselves. First in a series of publications from the Quality of Health Care in America, a project initiated by the Institute of Medicine
Author: Sidney Dekker
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351786032
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 137
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Book Description
This title was first published in 2002: This field guide assesses two views of human error - the old view, in which human error becomes the cause of an incident or accident, or the new view, in which human error is merely a symptom of deeper trouble within the system. The two parts of this guide concentrate on each view, leading towards an appreciation of the new view, in which human error is the starting point of an investigation, rather than its conclusion. The second part of this guide focuses on the circumstances which unfold around people, which causes their assessments and actions to change accordingly. It shows how to "reverse engineer" human error, which, like any other componant, needs to be put back together in a mishap investigation.
Author: Robert Whittingham
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1136359575
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 285
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Book Description
The Blame Machine describes how disasters and serious accidents result from recurring, but potentially avoidable, human errors. It shows how such errors are preventable because they result from defective systems within a company. From real incidents, you will be able to identify common causes of human error and typical system deficiencies that have led to these errors. On a larger scale, you will be able to see where, in the organisational or management systems, failure occurred so that you can avoid them. The book also describes the existence of a 'blame culture' in many organisations, which focuses on individual human error whilst ignoring the system failures that caused it. The book shows how this 'blame culture' has, in the case of a number of past accidents, dominated the accident enquiry process hampering a proper investigation of the underlying causes. Suggestions are made about how progress can be made to develop a more open culture in organisations, both through better understanding of human error by managers and through increased public awareness of the issues. The book brings together documentary evidence from recent major incidents from all around the world and within the Rail, Water, Aviation, Shipping, Chemical and Nuclear industries. Barry Whittingham has worked as a senior manager, design engineer and consultant for the chemical, nuclear, offshore oil and gas, railway and aviation sectors. He developed a career as a safety consultant specializing in the human factors aspects of accident causation. He is a member of the Human Factors in Reliability Group, and a Fellow of the Safety and Reliability Society.
Author: David D. Woods
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1317175530
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
Human error is cited over and over as a cause of incidents and accidents. The result is a widespread perception of a 'human error problem', and solutions are thought to lie in changing the people or their role in the system. For example, we should reduce the human role with more automation, or regiment human behavior by stricter monitoring, rules or procedures. But in practice, things have proved not to be this simple. The label 'human error' is prejudicial and hides much more than it reveals about how a system functions or malfunctions. This book takes you behind the human error label. Divided into five parts, it begins by summarising the most significant research results. Part 2 explores how systems thinking has radically changed our understanding of how accidents occur. Part 3 explains the role of cognitive system factors - bringing knowledge to bear, changing mindset as situations and priorities change, and managing goal conflicts - in operating safely at the sharp end of systems. Part 4 studies how the clumsy use of computer technology can increase the potential for erroneous actions and assessments in many different fields of practice. And Part 5 tells how the hindsight bias always enters into attributions of error, so that what we label human error actually is the result of a social and psychological judgment process by stakeholders in the system in question to focus on only a facet of a set of interacting contributors. If you think you have a human error problem, recognize that the label itself is no explanation and no guide to countermeasures. The potential for constructive change, for progress on safety, lies behind the human error label.
Author: Douglas A. Wiegmann
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351962353
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 174
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Book Description
Human error is implicated in nearly all aviation accidents, yet most investigation and prevention programs are not designed around any theoretical framework of human error. Appropriate for all levels of expertise, the book provides the knowledge and tools required to conduct a human error analysis of accidents, regardless of operational setting (i.e. military, commercial, or general aviation). The book contains a complete description of the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS), which incorporates James Reason's model of latent and active failures as a foundation. Widely disseminated among military and civilian organizations, HFACS encompasses all aspects of human error, including the conditions of operators and elements of supervisory and organizational failure. It attracts a very broad readership. Specifically, the book serves as the main textbook for a course in aviation accident investigation taught by one of the authors at the University of Illinois. This book will also be used in courses designed for military safety officers and flight surgeons in the U.S. Navy, Army and the Canadian Defense Force, who currently utilize the HFACS system during aviation accident investigations. Additionally, the book has been incorporated into the popular workshop on accident analysis and prevention provided by the authors at several professional conferences world-wide. The book is also targeted for students attending Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University which has satellite campuses throughout the world and offers a course in human factors accident investigation for many of its majors. In addition, the book will be incorporated into courses offered by Transportation Safety International and the Southern California Safety Institute. Finally, this book serves as an excellent reference guide for many safety professionals and investigators already in the field.
