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Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309450063
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 137
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Book Description
The most recent Ebola epidemic that began in late 2013 alerted the entire world to the gaps in infectious disease emergency preparedness and response. The regional outbreak that progressed to a significant public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) in a matter of months killed 11,310 and infected more than 28,616. While this outbreak bears some unique distinctions to past outbreaks, many characteristics remain the same and contributed to tragic loss of human life and unnecessary expenditure of capital: insufficient knowledge of the disease, its reservoirs, and its transmission; delayed prevention efforts and treatment; poor control of the disease in hospital settings; and inadequate community and international responses. Recognizing the opportunity to learn from the countless lessons of this epidemic, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop in March 2015 to discuss the challenges to successful outbreak responses at the scientific, clinical, and global health levels. Workshop participants explored the epidemic from multiple perspectives, identified important questions about Ebola that remained unanswered, and sought to apply this understanding to the broad challenges posed by Ebola and other emerging pathogens, to prevent the international community from being taken by surprise once again in the face of these threats. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309450063
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 137
Get Book
Book Description
The most recent Ebola epidemic that began in late 2013 alerted the entire world to the gaps in infectious disease emergency preparedness and response. The regional outbreak that progressed to a significant public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) in a matter of months killed 11,310 and infected more than 28,616. While this outbreak bears some unique distinctions to past outbreaks, many characteristics remain the same and contributed to tragic loss of human life and unnecessary expenditure of capital: insufficient knowledge of the disease, its reservoirs, and its transmission; delayed prevention efforts and treatment; poor control of the disease in hospital settings; and inadequate community and international responses. Recognizing the opportunity to learn from the countless lessons of this epidemic, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop in March 2015 to discuss the challenges to successful outbreak responses at the scientific, clinical, and global health levels. Workshop participants explored the epidemic from multiple perspectives, identified important questions about Ebola that remained unanswered, and sought to apply this understanding to the broad challenges posed by Ebola and other emerging pathogens, to prevent the international community from being taken by surprise once again in the face of these threats. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Author: Yinka Vidal
Publisher: Lara Publications Inc
ISBN: 0964081881
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
How to Prevent the Spread of EBOLA: Effective Strategies to Reduce Facility Acquired Infections and Reduce Super Bugs Outbreak. This book is divided into ten different sections targeting critical issues of concern about Ebola and the processes of preventing Ebola spread as a nosocomial infection. It starts with allaying people’s fear and discussing facts about the clinical aspects of Ebola virus infection. It discusses different types of Ebola viruses and their pathogenesis; routes of infection; clinical manifestations and progression of the disease; immunopathology and cellular toxicity; progressive tissue damage and multi-organ failures; effective management of the disease; and the discussion of some case studies. This Ebola monograph also discusses some of the lingering questions raised by the public about Ebola and addresses these controversial issues with facts. Some of the questions discussed include, What are the indicators for the survivability of the Ebola virus once a patient is infected? Can Ebola virus be aerosolized? What are the differences between the acute phase of the illness and the subclinical, asymptomatic, or nonclinical Ebola virus infections? Where was the first Ebola infection, in West Africa or in Europe? Can the Ebola virus infection be caught through kissing an infected person? When a blood test is negative for Ebola virus, is a patient free of Ebola virus? Can Ebola virus be transmitted through breast milk, semen or vaginal fluids? Was the virulent Ebola virus able to enter the human population by an accidental release due to a lab accident? Can the outbreak of Reston Ebola virus infections in the Philippines among nonhuman primates be dangerous to human population with the evidence of abortive infection in some farm workers? What is the nature of the current virus epidemic in U.S. farms, killing millions of piglets? Is this epidemic swine virus similar to Ebola and how dangerous is it to the human population? What are the lessons learned from the clinical management of Ebola patients that can be applied to the treatment of other viral infections like the Bourbon virus newly discovered in Kansas? What is the chronicity of Ebola infection and the long term effects, after clinical cure? For answers to these questions and more, read the book, How to Prevent the Spread of Ebola Virus Infection. Many healthcare institutions including hospitals, clinics, physician's offices, dentist's offices will find this book very useful to help prevent the rise of facility-acquired infections. Over 600 pages of leading medical journal articles are reviewed in this book giving scientific explanations for the questions raised by Ebola virus infection. In reviewing these research reports, it is evident, that we have effective treatment for Ebola virus infection as a multi-pronged approach in the process of effective clinical management of the disease.
Author: Hans-Dieter Klenk
Publisher: Garland Science
ISBN: 9780954523237
Category : Cell physiology
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
The Ebola and Marburg viruses are a pair of filoviruses that are among the most lethal hemorrhagic viruses on the planet. The authors present a review of past and current research into these pathogens, including 12 papers addressing the structure of the viral proteins; genomic replication; molecular mechanisms of entry; pathogenesis in nonhuman primates, guinea pigs, and mice; virus modulation of innate immunity; and cellular and molecular mechanisms of Ebola pathogenicity and related approaches to vaccine development.
Author: Dean T. Jamison
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464805288
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
As the culminating volume in the DCP3 series, volume 9 will provide an overview of DCP3 findings and methods, a summary of messages and substantive lessons to be taken from DCP3, and a further discussion of cross-cutting and synthesizing topics across the first eight volumes. The introductory chapters (1-3) in this volume take as their starting point the elements of the Essential Packages presented in the overview chapters of each volume. First, the chapter on intersectoral policy priorities for health includes fiscal and intersectoral policies and assembles a subset of the population policies and applies strict criteria for a low-income setting in order to propose a "highest-priority" essential package. Second, the chapter on packages of care and delivery platforms for universal health coverage (UHC) includes health sector interventions, primarily clinical and public health services, and uses the same approach to propose a highest priority package of interventions and policies that meet similar criteria, provides cost estimates, and describes a pathway to UHC.
Author: Adnan Qureshi
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128042427
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
Ebola Virus Disease: From Origins to Outbreak covers Ebola virus disease in its entirety from its origins through major outbreaks in the past to the present day outbreak. It contains information on the West Saharan response to Ebola as well as highlights from the field in West Africa from Dr. Qureshi and Dr. Chughtai, helping to solve the primary question of what’s next and aiding in formulating a path forward. With a growing awareness of the devastating effects of this viral disease and an influx of topical research, this book provides the information the global community of researchers, clinicians and students need to better inform their research and study of Ebola virus disease. Includes perspectives from the 2014-2015 outbreak from the field Provides a detailed overview of the origins of Ebola virus through present day discoveries Written with an integrative approach, incorporating scientific research with insights from the field
Author: Paul Richards
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1783608609
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 194
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Book Description
Shortlisted for the Fage and Oliver Prize 2018 From December 2013, the largest Ebola outbreak in history swept across West Africa, claiming thousands of lives in Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea. By the middle of 2014, the international community was gripped by hysteria. Experts grimly predicted that millions would be infected within months, and a huge international control effort was mounted to contain the virus. Yet paradoxically, by this point the disease was already going into decline in Africa itself. So why did outside observers get it so wrong? Paul Richards draws on his extensive first-hand experience in Sierra Leone to argue that the international community's panicky response failed to take account of local expertise and common sense. Crucially, Richards shows that the humanitarian response to the disease was most effective in those areas where it supported these initiatives and that it hampered recovery when it ignored or disregarded local knowledge.
Author: Cecilia Vindrola-Padros
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 110849336X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 185
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Book Description
Based on real case studies, this is the first practical guide to rapid ethnographies, exploring their history, design and implementation.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309381029
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 141
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Book Description
Since the 2014 Ebola outbreak many public- and private-sector leaders have seen a need for improved management of global public health emergencies. The effects of the Ebola epidemic go well beyond the three hardest-hit countries and beyond the health sector. Education, child protection, commerce, transportation, and human rights have all suffered. The consequences and lethality of Ebola have increased interest in coordinated global response to infectious threats, many of which could disrupt global health and commerce far more than the recent outbreak. In order to explore the potential for improving international management and response to outbreaks the National Academy of Medicine agreed to manage an international, independent, evidence-based, authoritative, multistakeholder expert commission. As part of this effort, the Institute of Medicine convened four workshops in summer of 2015 to inform the commission report. The presentations and discussions from the Workshop on Research and Development of Medical Products are summarized in this report.
Author: Michiel Hofman
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190624493
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
The 2014-2015 Ebola epidemic in West Africa was an unprecedented medical and political emergency that cast an unflattering light on multiple corners of government and international response. Fear, not rational planning, appeared to drive many decisions made at population and leadership levels, which in turn brought about a response that was as uneven as it was unprecedented: entire populations were decimated or destroyed, vaccine trials were fast-tracked, health staff died, untested medications were used (or not used) in controversial ways, humanitarian workers returned home to enforced isolation, and military was employed to sometimes disturbing ends. The epidemic revealed serious fault lines at all levels of theory and practice of global public health: national governments were shown to be helpless and unprepared for calamity at this scale; the World Health Organization was roundly condemned for its ineffectiveness; the US quietly created its own African CDC a year after the epidemic began. Amid such chaos, Médecins sans Frontières was forced to act with unprecdented autonomy -- and amid great criticism -- in responding to the disease, taking unprecedented steps in deploying services and advocating for international aid. The Politics of Fear provides a primary documentary resource for recounting and learning from the Ebola epidemic. Comprising eleven topic-based chapters and four eyewitness vignettes from both MSF- and non-MSF-affiliated contributors (all of whom have been given access to MSF Ebola archives from Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia for research), it aims to provide a politically agnostic account of the defining health event of the 21st century so far, one that will hopefully inform current opinions and future responses.
Author: Reid Wilson
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780815738671
Category : Ebola virus disease
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In December 2013, a young boy in a tiny West African village contracted the deadly Ebola virus. The virus spread to his relatives, then to neighboring communities, then across international borders. The world's first urban Ebola outbreak quickly overwhelmed the global health system and threatened to kill millions. In an increasingly interconnected world in which everyone is one or two flights away from New York or London or Beijing, even a localized epidemic can become a pandemic. Ebola's spread through West Africa to Nigeria, the United Kingdom and the United States sounded global alarms that the next killer outbreak is right around the corner and that the world is woefully unprepared to combat a new deadly disease. From the poorest villages of rural West Africa to the Oval Office itself, this book tells the story of a deadly virus that spun wildly out of control and reveals the truth about how close the world came to a catastrophic global pandemic.
