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Author: M. Misono
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 0444538348
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
Mixed oxides are the most widely used catalyst materials for industrial catalytic processes. The principal objective of this book is to describe systematically the mixed oxide catalysts, from their fundamentals through their practical applications. After describing concisely general items concerning mixed oxide and mixed oxide catalysts, two important mixed oxide catalyst materials, namely, heteropolyacids and perovskites, are taken as typical examples and discussed in detail. These two materials have several advantages: 1. They are, respectively, typical examples of salts of oxoacids and double oxide, that is, the two main categories of mixed oxides in solid state chemistry. 2. Both exhibit excellent catalytic performance in nearly crystalline state and are used in several industrial applications. 3. They have studied for many years. In addition, metal oxides functioning as a catalyst support (carrier) are included. Although the supports are very important in practical applications, and tremendous progress has been made in the past decades, few systematic reviews exist. It is notable that heteropolyacids and perovskite exhibit unique performance when used as a support. Fundamental catalytic science and technology and solid state chemistry necessary is presented for the proper understanding of mixed oxide catalysts as well as for R&D. For the latter, the concept of design of practical catalysts is very important. This is considered throughout the book. Systematically describes design principles of mixed oxide catalysts Shows how catalysis and solid-state chemistry of metal oxides are inter-related Covers all useful basic concepts of mixed oxide catalysis
Author: M. Misono
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 0444538348
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 192
Get Book
Book Description
Mixed oxides are the most widely used catalyst materials for industrial catalytic processes. The principal objective of this book is to describe systematically the mixed oxide catalysts, from their fundamentals through their practical applications. After describing concisely general items concerning mixed oxide and mixed oxide catalysts, two important mixed oxide catalyst materials, namely, heteropolyacids and perovskites, are taken as typical examples and discussed in detail. These two materials have several advantages: 1. They are, respectively, typical examples of salts of oxoacids and double oxide, that is, the two main categories of mixed oxides in solid state chemistry. 2. Both exhibit excellent catalytic performance in nearly crystalline state and are used in several industrial applications. 3. They have studied for many years. In addition, metal oxides functioning as a catalyst support (carrier) are included. Although the supports are very important in practical applications, and tremendous progress has been made in the past decades, few systematic reviews exist. It is notable that heteropolyacids and perovskite exhibit unique performance when used as a support. Fundamental catalytic science and technology and solid state chemistry necessary is presented for the proper understanding of mixed oxide catalysts as well as for R&D. For the latter, the concept of design of practical catalysts is very important. This is considered throughout the book. Systematically describes design principles of mixed oxide catalysts Shows how catalysis and solid-state chemistry of metal oxides are inter-related Covers all useful basic concepts of mixed oxide catalysis
Author: Makoto Misono
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128081090
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
The chemistry of metal oxides, both single and mixed metal oxides, relevant to heterogeneous catalysis such as relationships among the composition, structure, and chemical properties of mixed oxides, is provided in perspective. The important chemical properties in heterogeneous catalysis are acid–base and reduction–oxidation (redox) properties, where ionic radii, electronegativity, valency, and tendency to form covalent bond of constituent elements are most influential. Structural factors such as lattice defects and nonstoichiometry are also relevant. Although the surface of metal oxides is different from the solid bulk and changes depending on various factors, the surface reflects more or less the solid bulk and the knowledge of bulk properties is useful to understand the catalysis of mixed oxides. In some cases, the solid bulk actually takes part in catalysis. Other fundamental features of metal oxide catalysis like synergistic effects of more than two different active sites (acid and base, acid and oxidation, etc.) are also discussed.
Author: Makoto Misono
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128081120
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
Several substantial examples of mixed oxide supports that show unique and interesting roles as catalyst supports are described. The examples are perovskites and heteropoly compounds as supports for finely dispersed metals, ceria–zirconia related mixed oxides as supports for noble metals in automobile catalysts, and zeolites for atomically dispersed noble metals. In addition, the general roles of catalyst supports are briefly summarized. Among the different roles of supports, the most important are dispersing the catalytically active components and increasing their surface area, and improving the catalytic performance through chemical interactions between the active component and the support.
Author: Makoto Misono
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128081082
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
A concise introduction is given to the fundamental knowledge required to understand the heterogeneous catalysis of mixed oxides and to the concept of catalyst design. The fundamental knowledge includes the rate versus equilibrium relation; rate equation; the mechanism of catalytic reaction; essential functions of a catalyst, namely, activity, selectivity, and durability (or life); and catalytic reaction engineering such as mass and heat transfer. Typical methods for the preparation and characterization of catalysts and for the elucidation of the reaction mechanism, as well as a short history of industrial catalysts, are also provided.
Author: Jacques C. Vedrine
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128116323
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 618
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Book Description
Metal Oxides in Heterogeneous Catalysis is an overview of the past, present and future of heterogeneous catalysis using metal oxides catalysts. The book presents the historical, theoretical, and practical aspects of metal oxide-based heterogeneous catalysis. Metal Oxides in Heterogeneous Catalysis deals with fundamental information on heterogeneous catalysis, including reaction mechanisms and kinetics approaches.There is also a focus on the classification of metal oxides used as catalysts, preparation methods and touches on zeolites, mesoporous materials and Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in catalysis. It will touch on acid or base-type reactions, selective (partial) and total oxidation reactions, and enzymatic type reactions The book also touches heavily on the biomass applications of metal oxide catalysts and environmentally related/depollution reactions such as COVs elimination, DeNOx, and DeSOx. Finally, the book also deals with future trends and prospects in metal oxide-based heterogeneous catalysis. Presents case studies in each chapter that provide a focus on the industrial applications Includes fundamentals, key theories and practical applications of metal oxide-based heterogeneous catalysis in one comprehensive resource Edited, and contributed, by leading experts who provide perspectives on synthesis, characterization and applications
Author: Makoto Misono
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128081112
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
The chemistry and catalysis of solid heteropoly compounds are described. Heteropoly compounds are heteropolyanions and their derivatives that maintain the polyanion structure (metal oxide clusters), and catalysts of which the compounds are the essential components are called heteropoly catalyst. Heteropoly compounds are called polyoxometalates as well. First, the structure and chemical properties of heteropoly compounds are summarized, emphasizing the acidic and redox properties. The polyanion structure can be preserved in the solid state, if appropriate cautions are paid, and the acid and redox properties can be controlled in a wide range by choosing the polyanion structure and constituent elements. These are the remarkable advantages of the heteropoly catalysts. Then the catalysis and catalyst design of the heteropoly compounds are described in detail. There are actually several industrial processes using heteropoly catalysts as solid acids and oxidation catalysts. It is important to recognize the presence of hierarchical structures (primary, secondary, and tertiary structures) and three major types of catalysis (surface-type and two bulk-type catalyses). Due to this, catalyst design becomes more realistic and unique properties like shape-selective catalysis develop. Moreover, the dynamic behavior of protons and organic molecules can be elucidated by spectroscopic techniques.
Author: Makoto Misono
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128081104
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
The chemistry and catalysis of perovskites are described. “Perovskites” are defined here as double oxides having perovskite (ABO3) and related structures. Double oxides are one of the two major groups of mixed oxides. Because of their thermal stability and a variety of physical and chemical properties, which can be controlled by choosing constituent elements, they are widely used as catalysts as well as electronic and magnetic materials. First, an overview is given of the structural characteristics of perovskites, including lattice defects and nonstoichiometry, and the redox properties are interpreted on the basis of the composition and structure. Then the catalysis and catalyst design of perovskites are discussed on the basis of the redox mechanism governed by the redox properties. The strategies for catalyst design are (1) selection of B-site elements, which are usually transition metals; (2) valence control; and (3) synergistic effects of B-site elements and (4) enhancement of surface area by forming fine particles or dispersing on supports.
Author: Guido Busca
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 044459521X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 478
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Book Description
Heterogeneous Catalytic Materials discusses experimental methods and the latest developments in three areas of research: heterogeneous catalysis; surface chemistry; and the chemistry of catalysts. Catalytic materials are those solids that allow the chemical reaction to occur efficiently and cost-effectively. This book provides you with all necessary information to synthesize, characterize, and relate the properties of a catalyst to its behavior, enabling you to select the appropriate catalyst for the process and reactor system. Oxides (used both as catalysts and as supports for catalysts), mixed and complex oxides and salts, halides, sulfides, carbides, and unsupported and supported metals are all considered. The book encompasses applications in industrial chemistry, refinery, petrochemistry, biomass conversion, energy production, and environmental protection technologies. Provides a systematic and clear approach of the synthesis, solid state chemistry and surface chemistry of all solid state catalysts Covers widely used instrumental techniques for catalyst characterization, such as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and more Includes characterization methods and lists all catalytic behavior of the solid state catalysts Discusses new developments in nanocatalysts and their advantages over conventional catalysts
Author: Vladislav Sadykov
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110587777
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 255
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Book Description
The current book brings together cutting-edge research in the area of heterogeneous catalytic redox processes. The first part of the book covers the catalytic properties of transition metal oxides and the techniques for catalysts preparation, such as mechanochemistry, plasmochemistry, hydrothermal treatment, etc. Further the authors focus on mechanisms of heterogeneous redox reactions followed by the overview of industrial applications.
Author: Gabriele Centi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461541751
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 519
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Book Description
Selective Oxidation by Heterogeneous Catalysis covers one of the major areas of industrial petrochemical production, outlining open questions and new opportunities. It gives keys for the interpretation and analysis of data and design of new catalysts and reactions, and provides guidelines for future research. A distinctive feature of this book is the use of concept by example. Rather than reporting an overview of the literature results, the authors have selected some representative examples, the in-depth analysis of which makes it possible to clarify the fundamental, but new concepts necessary for a better understanding of the new opportunities in this field and the design of new catalysts or catalytic reactions. Attention is given not only to the catalyst itself, but also to the use of the catalyst inside the process, thus evidencing the relationship between catalyst design and engineering aspects of the process. This book provides suggestions for new innovative directions of research and indications on how to reconsider the field of selective oxidation from different perspectives, outlining that is not a mature field of research, but that new important breakthroughs can be derived from fundamental and applied research. Suggestions are offered on how to use less conventional approaches in terms of both catalyst design and analysis of the data.
