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Author: Thomas A. Davies
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401158207
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 315
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Book Description
Late Cenozoic glaciation directly affected sedimentation on more than half the Earth's continental shelves. Ice continues to be a dominant influence on sedimentation around Greenland and Antarctica, and on the shelves facing the Arctic Ocean. The features of these shelves include true glacimarine features, i.e. those found in a marine environment in proximityto, or strongly under the influence of, ice, such as iceberg scours and pits, ice gouges and incisions, subglacial outwash deposits, and diamictons resulting from ice rafting. Also seen, because large areas of the shelves were exposed during the Pleistocene lowering of sea level, are terrestrial glacial and periglacial features, e.g. fluvial outwash valleys and associated deposits, tunnel valleys, drumlin fields and lodgement till, which have subsequently been submerged and modified by marine influences. Glaciated Continental Margins: An Atlas of Acoustic Images illustrates the complexity of features found in glaciated and formerly glaciated marine environments. The volume was assembled by an international Editorial Committee, led by Thomas A. Davies (University of Texas), from records gathered in the course of recent research and contributed by members of the scientific community from around the world. These include seismic sections, side-scan maps, and 3-D seismic data, supplemented in some cases by bottom photographs and core data, with accompanying text. The work is scientists at 40 institutions in 10 countries is represented. This book will be an invaluable resource for students, Quaternary scientists, glaciologists, marine geologists and geophysicists, geotechnical engineers, and surveyors teachers working in universities, research institutions and government agencies with interests in polar and subpolar regions, as well as those in industries with offshore interests.
Author: Thomas A. Davies
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401158207
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 315
Get Book
Book Description
Late Cenozoic glaciation directly affected sedimentation on more than half the Earth's continental shelves. Ice continues to be a dominant influence on sedimentation around Greenland and Antarctica, and on the shelves facing the Arctic Ocean. The features of these shelves include true glacimarine features, i.e. those found in a marine environment in proximityto, or strongly under the influence of, ice, such as iceberg scours and pits, ice gouges and incisions, subglacial outwash deposits, and diamictons resulting from ice rafting. Also seen, because large areas of the shelves were exposed during the Pleistocene lowering of sea level, are terrestrial glacial and periglacial features, e.g. fluvial outwash valleys and associated deposits, tunnel valleys, drumlin fields and lodgement till, which have subsequently been submerged and modified by marine influences. Glaciated Continental Margins: An Atlas of Acoustic Images illustrates the complexity of features found in glaciated and formerly glaciated marine environments. The volume was assembled by an international Editorial Committee, led by Thomas A. Davies (University of Texas), from records gathered in the course of recent research and contributed by members of the scientific community from around the world. These include seismic sections, side-scan maps, and 3-D seismic data, supplemented in some cases by bottom photographs and core data, with accompanying text. The work is scientists at 40 institutions in 10 countries is represented. This book will be an invaluable resource for students, Quaternary scientists, glaciologists, marine geologists and geophysicists, geotechnical engineers, and surveyors teachers working in universities, research institutions and government agencies with interests in polar and subpolar regions, as well as those in industries with offshore interests.
Author: J. A. Dowdeswell
Publisher: Geological Society of London
ISBN: 9781862391208
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 398
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Book Description
This book examines the process and patterns of glacier-influenced sedimentation on high-latitude continental margins and the geophysical and geological signatures of the resulting sediments and landforms. It contains a range of papers concerning modern and glacially-influenced sedimentation in high-latitude areas from both hemispheres, many of which discuss the relationship between glacier dynamics and the sediments and landforms preserved in the glacimarine environment.
Author: D.P. Le Heron
Publisher: Geological Society of London
ISBN: 1786203979
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 289
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Book Description
Understanding the sedimentary and geophysical archive of glaciated margins is a complex task that requires integration and analysis of disparate sedimentological and geophysical data. Their analysis is vital for understanding the dynamics of past ice sheets and how they interact with their neighbouring marine basins, on timescales that cannot be captured by observations of the cryosphere today. As resources, sediments deposited on the inner margins of glaciated shelves also exhibit resource potential where more sand-dominated systems occur, acting as reservoirs for both hydrocarbons and water. This book surveys the full gamut of glaciated margins, from deep time (Neoproterozoic, Ordovician and Carboniferous–Permian) to modern high-latitude margins in Canada and Antarctica. This collection of papers is the first attempt to deliberately do this, allowing not only the similarities and differences between modern and ancient glaciated margins to be explored, but also the wide spectrum of their mechanisms of investigation to be probed. Together, these papers offer a high-resolution, spatially and temporally diverse blueprint of the depositional processes, ice sheet dynamics, and basin architectures of the world’s former glaciated margins; a vital resource in advancing understanding of our present and future marine-terminating ice sheet margins.
![Depositional Successions on Glaciated Continental Margins [microform] : the Cenozoic of Antarctica and the Neoproterozoic of Rodinia PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/7QriygAACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Nicole N. (Nicole Naomi) Januszczak
Publisher: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada
ISBN: 9780612917453
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 956
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Book Description
Part II of this thesis focuses on the sedimentological and stratigraphic evidence for glaciation in the Neoproterozoic. Integrating this analysis with a recent understanding of the tectonic setting of Neoproterozoic sedimentary basins provides a basis for an alternative 'zipper-rift' hypothesis for Neoproterozoic glaciations. The 'zipper-rift' model emphasizes a strong linkage between the first-order reorganisation of the Earth's surface created by rifting of Rodinia, the climatic effects of uplifted rift flanks and the resulting sedimentary record deposited in newly formed rift basins. Neoproterozoic glaciation was regional in extent, strongly controlled by tectonics and diachronous in its timing as Rodinia progressively broke apart over some 150 million years. This thesis is presented in two parts. The first half deals with the Cenozoic glacial record of Antarctica and the second half focuses on the Neoproterozoic glacial record of Rodinia. The glacially-influenced Cenozoic continental margin of Antarctica shows a large-scale subsurface seismic stratigraphy consisting of flat-lying 'topsets' recording episodic aggradation of the continental shelf, that rest on seaward-dipping, wedge-shaped 'foresets' formed by the progradation of the continental slope. Strata from topsets record aggradation by till deposition alternating with glacial-marine sedimentation. Strata from foresets record debris flows and turbidity currents on an active slope close to a source of poorly-sorted glacial debris such as an ice sheet margin reaching the shelf break. The original intention at the commencement of the thesis was to use depositional models derived from Antarctica as 'modern' analogues for Neoproterozoic successions. Critical evaluation of Neoproterozoic successions shows that many are not glacial in origin. Many Neoproterozoic 'glacial' successions have been identified as glacial on the basis of the presence of diamictite facies. Diamictite facies are commonly present within thick turbidite successions and are the product of active rifting and the shedding of poorly sorted debris into rapidly subsiding marine rift basins. The sedimentary record from the continental shelf of Prydz Bay, East Antarctica was examined by Ocean Drilling Program Leg 188. This record constrains the onset of glaciation in Antarctica to the late Eocene (c. 39 Ma) and records an important interval in the history of Antarctica, capturing for the first time the transition from a warmer preglacial climate, through early-glacial, and culminating in continental-scale glaciation of Antarctica.
Author: M. S. Stoker
Publisher: Geological Society of London
ISBN: 9781897799970
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 366
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Book Description
Continental margins form the relatively narrow transition zones between the different domains of land masses and deep-ocean basins. They are the main regions of sediment input and transfer of sediments to the oceans and thus represent important zones of sediment flux. This work addresses three topics of significance to continental margin development: sedimentation, mass-wasting and stability. It should be of interest to marine geologists, sedimentologists, palaeoceanographers and physical properties specialists.
Author: Jürgen Mienert
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030811867
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 515
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Book Description
This world atlas presents a comprehensive overview of the gas-hydrate systems of our planet with contributions from esteemed international researchers from academia, governmental institutions and hydrocarbon industries. The book illustrates, describes and discusses gas hydrate systems, their geophysical evidence and their future prospects for climate change and continental margin geohazards from passive to active margins. This includes passive volcanic to non-volcanic margins including glaciated and non-glaciated margins from high to low latitudes. Shallow submarine gas hydrates allow a glimpse into the past from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to modern environmental conditions to predict potential changes in future stability conditions while deep submarine gas hydrates remained more stable. This demonstrates their potential for rapid reactions for some gas hydrate provinces to a warming world, as well as helping to identify future prospects for environmental research. Three-dimensional and high-resolution seismic imaging technologies provide new insights into fluid flow systems in continental margins, enabling the identification of gas and gas escape routes to the seabed within gas hydrate environments, where seabed habitats may flourish. The volume contains a method section detailing the seismic imaging and logging while drilling techniques used to characterize gas hydrates and related dynamic processes in the sub seabed. This book is unique, as it goes well beyond the geophysical monograph series of natural gas hydrates and textbooks on marine geophysics. It also emphasizes the potential for gas hydrate research across a variety of disciplines. Observations of bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs) in 2D and 3D seismic reflection data combined with velocity analysis, electromagnetic investigations and gas-hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) modelling, provide the necessary insights for academic interests and hydrocarbon industries to understand the potential extent and volume of gas hydrates in a wide range of tectonic settings of continental margins. Gas hydrates control the largest and most dynamic reservoir of global carbon. Especially 4D, 3D seismic but also 2D seismic data provide compelling sub-seabed images of their dynamical behavior. Sub-seabed imaging techniques increase our understanding of the controlling mechanisms for the distribution and migration of gas before it enters the gas-hydrate stability zone. As methane hydrate stability depends mainly on pressure, temperature, gas composition and pore water chemistry, gas hydrates are usually found in ocean margin settings where water depth is more than 300 m and gas migrates upward from deeper geological formations. This highly dynamic environment may precondition the stability of continental slopes as evidenced by geohazards and gas expelled from the sea floor. This book provides new insights into variations in the character and existence of gas hydrates and BSRs in various geological environments, as well as their dynamics. The potentially dynamic behavior of this natural carbon system in a warming world, its current and future impacts on a variety of Earth environments can now be adequately evaluated by using the information provided in the world atlas. This book is relevant for students, researchers, governmental agencies and oil and gas professionals. Some familiarity with seismic data and some basic understanding of geology and tectonics are recommended.
Author: Anthony G. Doré
Publisher: Geological Society of London
ISBN: 9781862391123
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 504
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Book Description
Author: F.L. Chiocci
Publisher: Geological Society of London
ISBN: 1862396868
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 343
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Book Description
The world's continental shelves are the sites of vast resources of food, energy and minerals, the exploitation of which is continuously increasing. Fluctuating global sea levels throughout the Quaternary period produced multiple transgressive and regressive cycles that profoundly affected and shaped these shelves. The complex interactions among climate, sea level, tectonics, oceanography and sediment input have formed distinctive sediment packages on each shelf and provide a guide to the interpretation of older shelf sequences throughout the geological record. This Memoir compiles studies on 23 selected shelves from all the continents, focusing on their evolution and examining the patterns of sedimentation during the past approximately 125 000 years. In addition to providing basic background information for each area, the chapters consider specific aspects of continental shelf research, from seismic stratigraphy to geomorphology, from palaeoceanography to palaeo sea-level reconstruction and from palaeontology to geochemistry.
Author: J.A. Dowdeswell
Publisher: Geological Society of London
ISBN: 1786202689
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 631
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Book Description
New geophysical techniques (multibeam echo sounding and 3D seismics) have revolutionized high-resolution imaging of the modern seafloor and palaeo-shelf surfaces in Arctic and Antarctic waters, generating vast quantities of data and novel insights into sedimentary architecture and past environmental conditions. The Atlas of Submarine Glacial Landforms is a comprehensive and timely summary of the current state of knowledge of these high-latitude glacier-influenced systems. The Atlas presents over 180 contributions describing, illustrating and discussing the full variability of landforms found on the high-latitude glacier-influenced seafloor, from fjords and continental shelves to the continental slope, rise and deep-sea basins beyond. The distribution and geometry of these submarine landforms provide key information on past ice-sheet extent and the direction and nature of ice flow and dynamics. The papers discuss individual seafloor landforms, landform assemblages and entire landsystems from relatively mild to extreme glacimarine climatic settings and on timescales from the modern margins of tidewater glaciers, through Quaternary examples to ancient glaciations in the Late Ordovician.
Author: Jürgen Mienert
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540423935
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 334
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Book Description
Since the 1990s, when the European Commission ner similar to aerial photography. It should be kept started under the Marine Science and Technology in mind, that each of the continental margin sur- (MAST) programme funding for multinational veys between Svalbard in the north and the Ca- continental margin research, increased investiga- naries in the south, called for the team work of sci- tions of the seabed provided new insights into entists and seamen on numerous research vessels large-scale sedimentary processes shaping the Eu- under weather conditions ranging from severe ropean continental margin. It is a field of perma- storms to calm seas. To perform this kind of nent learning and underwater endeavour. community wide research activity demanded the Seabed characterisation and studies of sedi- participation of a major part of the European ment dynamics improved our understanding of research fleet supported by their national govern- the complexity of processes transporting large ments. masses of sediments over distances from metres to Apart from that the scientific results of the hundred of kilometres on the continental slope.
