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Author: F. Selcen Kilinc
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0857098934
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 704
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Book Description
Given its importance to consumer safety, fire resistant textiles are one of the fastest growing sectors in industrial textiles. Handbook of fire resistant textiles provides a comprehensive review of the considerable advances that have occurred in the field of fire resistant textiles in recent years. It draws together scientific and technical expertise from around the world to produce an important source of current knowledge on fire resistant textiles and their use for protection in hostile environments. Part one provides an overview of fire resistant textiles. Chapters discuss burning and combustion mechanisms of textile fibers, chemical modification of natural and synthetic fibers to improve flame retardancy, multi-component flame resistant coating techniques for textiles, care and maintenance of fire resistant textiles, along with the safety, health and environmental aspects of flame retardants. Part two covers different types of fire resistant fibers and fabrics, including flame retardant cotton, wool, ceramic fibers and blends, composites and nonwovens. Part three reviews standards, regulations, and characterization of fire resistant textiles. Part four includes case studies of major applications of fire resistant textiles. The Handbook of fire resistant textiles is an invaluable resource for a broad spectrum of professionals in the textiles and apparel industries, including textile and garment manufacturers, engineers, researchers, designers, developers and buyers. Provides a comprehensive review of the considerable advances that have occurred in the field of fire resistant textiles in recent years Discusses burning and combustion mechanisms of textile fibers and chemical modification of natural and synthetic fibers to improve flame retardancy Covers different types of fire resistant fibers and fabrics, including flame retardant cotton, wool, ceramic fibers and blends, composites and nonwovens
Author: Asim Kumar Roy Choudhury
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429629672
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 427
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Book Description
This book focuses on flame retardants (FR) for textile materials. It discusses basics of flame retardancy and flammability and covers various types of flame retardants and materials, including natural FRs, halogen, phosphorous, and nanomaterial-based FRs. This book also discusses methods of applications of FRs and discusses FRs and the environment. Covers a variety of interdisciplinary applications in the textile industry Emphasizes environmental aspects Reports on a large number of FR compounds studied globally Discusses in detail recent developments in halogen-free eco-friendly flame retardants Extensively describes basic aspects of flame retardancy and their measurements Aimed at the practitioner and textile engineering professional this work aims to ensure development of safe textile materials for various uses, including apparel, protective wear, floor coverings, upholstery, drapery, and others.
Author: F. Selcen Kilinc
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0857098934
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 704
Get Book
Book Description
Given its importance to consumer safety, fire resistant textiles are one of the fastest growing sectors in industrial textiles. Handbook of fire resistant textiles provides a comprehensive review of the considerable advances that have occurred in the field of fire resistant textiles in recent years. It draws together scientific and technical expertise from around the world to produce an important source of current knowledge on fire resistant textiles and their use for protection in hostile environments. Part one provides an overview of fire resistant textiles. Chapters discuss burning and combustion mechanisms of textile fibers, chemical modification of natural and synthetic fibers to improve flame retardancy, multi-component flame resistant coating techniques for textiles, care and maintenance of fire resistant textiles, along with the safety, health and environmental aspects of flame retardants. Part two covers different types of fire resistant fibers and fabrics, including flame retardant cotton, wool, ceramic fibers and blends, composites and nonwovens. Part three reviews standards, regulations, and characterization of fire resistant textiles. Part four includes case studies of major applications of fire resistant textiles. The Handbook of fire resistant textiles is an invaluable resource for a broad spectrum of professionals in the textiles and apparel industries, including textile and garment manufacturers, engineers, researchers, designers, developers and buyers. Provides a comprehensive review of the considerable advances that have occurred in the field of fire resistant textiles in recent years Discusses burning and combustion mechanisms of textile fibers and chemical modification of natural and synthetic fibers to improve flame retardancy Covers different types of fire resistant fibers and fabrics, including flame retardant cotton, wool, ceramic fibers and blends, composites and nonwovens
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309171938
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 534
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Book Description
Ignition of upholstered furniture by small open flames from matches, cigarette lighters, and candles is one of the leading causes of residential-fire deaths in the United States. These fires accounted for about 16% of civilian fire deaths in 1996. On average, each year since 1990, about 90 deaths (primarily of children), 440 injuries, and property losses amounting to 50 million dollars have resulted from fires caused by the ignition of upholstered furniture by small open flames. Certain commercial seating products (such as aircraft and bus seats) are subject to flammability standards and sometimes incorporate FR-treated upholstery cover materials, but there is no federal-government requirement for residential upholstered furniture, and it is generally not treated with FR chemicals. It is estimated that less than 0.2% of all U.S. residential upholstery fabric is treated with flame-retardant (FR) chemicals. The Consumer Product Safety Act of 1972 created the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) as an independent federal regulatory agency whose mission is to protect the public from unreasonable risks of injury and death associated with consumer products. CPSC also administers the Flammable Fabrics Act, under which it regulates flammability hazards and the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA), which regulates hazardous substances including chemicals. In 1993, the National Association of State Fire Marshals petitioned CPSC to issue a performance-based flammability standard for upholstered furniture to reduce the risk of residential fires. The Commission granted that portion of the petition relating to small open flame ignition risks. In response to concerns regarding the safety of FR chemicals, Congress, in the fiscal year 1999 appropriations report for CPSC, requested that the National Research Council conduct an independent study of the health risks to consumers posed by exposure to FR chemicals that are likely to be used in residential upholstered furniture to meet a CPSC standard. The National Research Council assigned the project to the Committee on Toxicology (COT) of the Commission on Life Sciences' Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology. COT convened the Subcommittee on Flame-Retardant Chemicals, which prepared this report. Subcommittee members were chosen for their recognized expertise in toxicology, pharmacology, epidemiology, chemistry, exposure assessment, risk assessment, and biostatistics. Toxicological Risks of Selected Flame-Retardant Chemicals is organized into 18 chapters and two appendices. Chapter 2 describes the risk assessment process used by the subcommittee in determining the risk associated with potential exposure to the various FR chemicals. Chapter 3 describes the method the subcommittee used to measure and estimate the intensity, frequency, extent, and duration of human exposure to FR chemicals. Chapters 4-19 provide the subcommittee's review and assessment of health risks posed by exposure to each of the 16 FR chemicals. Data gaps and research needs are provided at the end of these chapters.
Author: A. Richard Horrocks
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1845695070
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 632
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Book Description
This important book provides a comprehensive account of the advances that have occurred in fire science in relation to a broad range of materials. The manufacture of fire retardant materials is an active area of research, the understanding of which can improve safety as well as the marketability of a product. The first part of the book reviews the advances that have occurred in improving the fire retardancy of specific materials, ranging from developments in phosphorus and halogen-free flame retardants to the use of nanocomposites as novel flame retardant systems. Key environmental issues are also addressed. The second group of chapters examines fire testing issues and regulations. A final group of chapters addresses the application of fire retardant materials in such areas as composites, automotive materials, military fabrics and aviation materials. With its distinguished editors and array of international contributors, this book is an essential reference for producers, manufacturers, retailers and all those wishing to improve fire retardancy in materials. It is also suitable for researchers in industry or academia. Reviews advances in improving the retardancy of materials Addresses key environmental issues Examines fire testing issues and regulations and the challenges involved
Author: Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811002452
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 247
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Book Description
This book details the crux of green fashion, addressing various environmental aspects and discussing the importance of sustainable fashion in the apparel industry. It addresses various important topics such as Relationship marketing in green fashion, Animal Ethics and Welfare in the Fashion and Lifestyle Industries, Green Flame retardants, etc.
Author: Jenny Alongi
Publisher: Smithers Rapra
ISBN: 190903018X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 364
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Book Description
This book describes the progress in flame retardancy of both natural and synthetic fibres/fabrics moving from the traditional approaches (back-coating techniques), current chemical solutions (P-, N-, S-, B- based flame retardants) to the novel up-to-date strategies (deposition and/or assembly of architectures, plasma treatments, sol-gel processes, ...). More specifically, the fundamental aspects, the chemistry of current flame retardant textile technologies including back-coating process and the obtained improvements are thoroughly reviewed, taking into account the detrimental environmental effects due to the use of halogen-based additives such as bromine derivatives. Then, an overview of the chemical development of flame retardant strategies based on halogen-free compounds is summarized. The third part of the book is devoted to a description of the up-to-date innovative solutions, based on nanotechnology. The surface deposition of coatings having a different chemical structure, is highlighted in detail. To this aim, the effect of (nano)architectures derived from (nano)particle adsorption, plasma deposition/grafting, layer by layer assembly, sol-gel treatments on fibres/fabrics is thoroughly discussed.
Author: Luqman Jameel Rather
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119710146
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
With the public enhanced awareness towards eco-preservation, eco-safety and health concerns, environmentally benign, nontoxic and sustainable bioresource materials produced mainly from non-food crops have revolutionized all industrial sectors particularly textile industry. In recent years, textile industries in developed countries are getting increasing interest in global interest due to the varied and changing world market conditions in terms of price, durability and fiber mixtures as well as design, colors, weight, ease of handling and product safety. The increasing environmental and health concerns owing to the use of large quantities of water and hazardous chemicals in conventional textile finishing processes lead to the design and development of new dyeing strategies and technologies. Effluents produced from these textiles wet processing industries are very diverse in chemical composition, ranging from inorganic finishing agents, surfactants, chlorine compounds, salts, total phosphate to polymers and organic products. This aspect forced western countries to exploit their high technical skills in the advancements of textile materials for high quality technical performances, and development of cleaner production technologies for cost effective and value-added textile materials. Therefore, vast and effective research investigations have been undertaken all over the world to minimize the negative environmental impact of synthetic chemical agents through the sustainable harvest of eco-friendly bioresource materials. The book will discuss following research developments in academic and industry: Improvement in dye extraction and its applications Impact of textile dyeing on environment Textile finishing by natural and ecofriendly means Natural dyes as environmental-friendly bioresource products Textile effluent remediation via physical, chemical and biological processes.
Author: A. Richard Horrocks
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1855737469
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 448
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Book Description
This is a comprehensive source of information on all aspects of fire retardancy. Particluar emphasis is placed on the burning behaviour and flame retarding properties of polymeric materials and textiles. It covers combustion, flame retardants, smoke and toxic products generally and then goes on to concentrate on some more material-specific aspects of combustion in relation to textiles, composites and bulk polymers. Developments in all areas of fire retardant materials are covered including research in new areas such as nanocomposition. Fire retardant materials is an essential reference source for all those working with, researching into, or designing new fire retardant materials. Detailed analysis of the burning behaviour and flame retarding properties of ploymers, composites and textiles Covers smoke and toxic gas generation Analysis of material performance in fire
Author: Alexander B. Morgan
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118939204
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 400
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Book Description
Due to the emphasis on replacing halogenated flame retardantswith alternate technologies, this handbook contains in one placeall of the current commercial non-halogenated flame retardanttechnologies, as well as experimental systems nearcommercialization. This book focuses on non-halogenated flame retardants in aholistic but practical manner. It starts with an overview ofthe regulations and customer perceptions driving non-halogenatedflame retardant selection over older halogenatedtechnologies. It then moves into separate chapters coveringthe known major classes of non-halogenated flame retardants. These chapters are written by known experts in those specificchemistries who are also industrial experts in how to apply thattechnology to polymers for fire safety needs. The handbookconcludes with some of the newer technologies in place that areeither niche performers or may be commercial in the nearfuture. Future trends in flame retardancy are alsodiscussed. The Non-Halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook book takes apractical approach to addressing the narrow subject ofnon-halogenated flame retardancy. This includes more emphasison flame retardant selection for specific plastics, practicalconsiderations in flame retardant material design, and what thestrengths and limits of these various technologies are. Previous flame retardant material science books have coverednon-halogenated flame retardants, but they focus more on how theywork rather than how to use them.
Author: N Pan
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0857092871
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 552
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Book Description
The textile industry is increasingly based on ongoing innovation and development of higher performance products, and the field of functional textiles is no exception. This book explores the development of textiles with a wide range of functions, with the aim of improving the performance of the product in terms of the protection and health benefits that it can offer. The book is split into two parts. Part one focuses on functional textiles for improved performance and protection, with chapters reviewing antistatic, flame retardant and infrared functional textiles, among many others. Chapters in part two examine the uses of functional textiles in a medical context, including superhydrophobic materials, antibacterial textiles and insect-repellent materials. With its distinguished editors and contributions from some of the world’s leading authorities, Functional textiles for improved performance, protection and health is invaluable for textile scientists, technologists and engineers as well as those designing and manufacturing textiles. It is also a suitable reference for the academic sector. Examines the use of functional textiles in a medical context, including superhydrophobic materials, antibacterial textiles and insect-repellent materials Topics range from textile chemicals and their interaction with skin to novel pesticide protective clothing Considers anti-ultraviolet protection of clothing and flame retardant textiles
