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Author: Rumjahn Hoosain
Publisher: IAP
ISBN: 1681237725
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 323
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Book Description
This monograph reviews cognitive and neuroscience studies of the relations between timing of both neural and behavioral events and human experience. The historical roots of these discussions are traced to the beginning of modern psychology. In the beginning of experimental psychology in Leibzig, Wundt worked on how elements of sensation relate to consciousness. In later development of psychology, the timing of conscious and unconscious processing of information, the timing of events in learning including language learning, mental speed and intelligence, and the speed of cognition vis-à-vis emotion are all crucial questions. Systematic consideration of neural times is complementary to conventional neuroscience research, such as the Blue Brain Project focusing on neural structure. The discussion of neural times in the literature tends to be fragmented, incidental to whatever is the subject matter. This book attempts to treat neural times in the whole range of basic psychological processes more systematically, and shows how they are germane to the understanding of many cognitive and behavioral phenomena. Neural times are related to the evolutionary development of the brain and the human experience. A crucial dynamic in the interaction of evolutionarily older and newer regions of the brain depends on timing. The interaction of the generally faster unconscious processes, including emotions, and more deliberate processes results in greater variation of experiences and behaviors which is central to free will and adaptive for humankind as a whole. This monograph is intended for senior undergraduates, graduate students, and professionals interested in an in-depth look at the role of timing of neural and behavioral processes in affecting human experience. It is not a textbook as such. It is a complementary resource for students of cognitive psychology, learning, and evolutionary psychology.
Author: Rumjahn Hoosain
Publisher: IAP
ISBN: 1681237725
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 323
Get Book
Book Description
This monograph reviews cognitive and neuroscience studies of the relations between timing of both neural and behavioral events and human experience. The historical roots of these discussions are traced to the beginning of modern psychology. In the beginning of experimental psychology in Leibzig, Wundt worked on how elements of sensation relate to consciousness. In later development of psychology, the timing of conscious and unconscious processing of information, the timing of events in learning including language learning, mental speed and intelligence, and the speed of cognition vis-à-vis emotion are all crucial questions. Systematic consideration of neural times is complementary to conventional neuroscience research, such as the Blue Brain Project focusing on neural structure. The discussion of neural times in the literature tends to be fragmented, incidental to whatever is the subject matter. This book attempts to treat neural times in the whole range of basic psychological processes more systematically, and shows how they are germane to the understanding of many cognitive and behavioral phenomena. Neural times are related to the evolutionary development of the brain and the human experience. A crucial dynamic in the interaction of evolutionarily older and newer regions of the brain depends on timing. The interaction of the generally faster unconscious processes, including emotions, and more deliberate processes results in greater variation of experiences and behaviors which is central to free will and adaptive for humankind as a whole. This monograph is intended for senior undergraduates, graduate students, and professionals interested in an in-depth look at the role of timing of neural and behavioral processes in affecting human experience. It is not a textbook as such. It is a complementary resource for students of cognitive psychology, learning, and evolutionary psychology.
Author: Jerry J. Buccafusco
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420041819
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 341
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Book Description
Using the most well-studied behavioral analyses of animal subjects to promote a better understanding of the effects of disease and the effects of new therapeutic treatments on human cognition, Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience provides a reference manual for molecular and cellular research scientists in both academia and the pharmaceutic
Author: David A. Rosenbaum
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262181884
Category : Movement, Psychology of
Languages : en
Pages : 402
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Book Description
This volume presents cutting-edge research on the production, perception, and memory of timed events. Athletes and musicians demonstrate the levels to which humans can ascend in the timing of behavior. But even common actions, such as opening a door or bringing a cup to one's lips, reveal how we organize our behavior temporally. When there is damage to the nervous system and the ability to time behavior breaks down, we become aware of how many things must go right for timing not to go terribly wrong. In recent years, there has been a considerable growth of interest among cognitive and brain scientists in the timing aspects of human behavior. This volume presents cutting-edge research on the production, perception, and memory of timed events. Empirical chapters discuss a variety of tasks ranging from locomotion to finger-tapping. Theoretical chapters provide quantitative models for topics as diverse as eyeblink conditioning and posture during walking. Other chapters discuss the neuroanatomical bases of timing behavior. Contributors: Lorraine G. Allan, Eric L. Amazeen, Polemnia G. Amazeen, Heather Jane Barnes, Steven Boker, Darlene H. Brunzell, June-Seek Choi, Russell M. Church, Charles E. Collyer, Christopher Connolly, Frederick J. Diedrich, John Gibbon, Roderic Grupen, Kathleen Y. Haaland, Deborah L. Harrington, Kjeldy Haugsjaa, Kenneth G. Holt, John J. Jeka, Bruce A. Kay, Michael Kubovy, Tiffany Mattson, Warren Meck, John W. Moore, Trevor Penney, Bruno H. Repp, David A. Rosenbaum, Kamal Souccar, Michael T. Turvey, Jonathan Vaughan, William H. Warren, Jr.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309069882
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 610
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Book Description
How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.
Author: Warren H. Meck
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203009576
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 600
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Book Description
Understanding temporal integration by the brain is expected to be among the premier topics to unite systems, cellular, computational, and cognitive neuroscience over the next decade. The phenomenon has been studied in humans and animals, yet until now, there has been no publication to successfully bring together the latest information gathered from
Author: Gabriel A. Radvansky
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199898146
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
Much of our behavior is guided by our understanding of events. We perceive events when we observe the world unfolding around us, participate in events when we act on the world, simulate events that we hear or read about, and use our knowledge of events to solve problems. In this book, Gabriel A. Radvansky and Jeffrey M. Zacks provide the first integrated framework for event cognition and attempt to synthesize the available psychological and neuroscience data surrounding it. This synthesis leads to new proposals about several traditional areas in psychology and neuroscience including perception, attention, language understanding, memory, and problem solving. Radvansky and Zacks have written this book with a diverse readership in mind. It is intended for a range of researchers working within cognitive science including psychology, neuroscience, computer science, philosophy, anthropology, and education. Readers curious about events more generally such as those working in literature, film theory, and history will also find it of interest.
Author: National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309045290
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 195
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Book Description
The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."
Author: Anton Ilango
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889195341
Category : Neural circuitry
Languages : en
Pages : 174
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Book Description
Application of optogenetic and pharmacogenetic tools to study the neural circuits underlying emotional valence, feeding, arousal and motivated behaviors has provided crucial insights into brain function. Expression of light sensitive proteins into specific neurons and subsequent stimulation by light (optogenetics) to control neuronal activity or expression of designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADD) in specific neuronal populations with subsequent activation or suppression of neuronal activity by an otherwise inert ligand (pharmacogenetics) provides control over defined elements of neural circuits. These novel tools have provided a more in depth understanding into several questions about brain function. These include: • Regulation of sleep-wake transition by the interaction of hypocretin neurons of lateral hypothalamus and nor adrenergic neurons of the locus coruleaus • Regulation of feeding by AGRP and POMC neurons in arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus • Place preference and positive reinforcement by activation of DA neuron of VTA • Place aversion by activation of VTA GABA and lateral habenula neurons • Opposing influences on reinforcement by activation of D1 and D2 expressing medium spiny neurons of dorsal striatum and nucleus accumbens The list still grows... From cell type specific manipulations to signaling properties in the cell (Dietz et al 2012) with unprecedented temporal resolution, these tools revolutionize the exploration of pathways/connectivity. Recent years also witnessed the extension of applying these tools from studying emotional valence and motivated behavior to reactivation of memory. c-fos based genetic approaches allowed us to integrate light sensitive opsins or DREADD receptor into specific neurons that are activated by certain learning events (for example fear) (Garner et al 2012; Liu et al 2012). In this Research Topic, we welcome researchers to contribute original research articles, review articles, methods and commentary on topics utilizing optogenetic and pharmacogenetic tools to study the neural circuits underlying emotional valence, motivation, reinforcement and memory. We believe the Research Topic will shine light on various questions we have about brain function by using novel optogenetic and pharmacogenetic tools and will hopefully inspire ongoing research to overcome the hurdles of using these tools to advance clinical applications.
Author: Armin Fuchs
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540744797
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 355
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Book Description
One of the most striking features of Coordination Dynamics is its interdisciplinary character. The problems we are trying to solve in this field range from behavioral phenomena of interlimb coordination and coordination between stimuli and movements (perception-action tasks) through neural activation patterns that can be observed during these tasks to clinical applications and social behavior. It is not surprising that close collaboration among scientists from different fields as psychology, kinesiology, neurology and even physics are imperative to deal with the enormous difficulties we are facing when we try to understand a system as complex as the human brain. The chapters in this volume are not simply write-ups of the lectures given by the experts at the meeting but are written in a way that they give sufficient introductory information to be comprehensible and useful for all interested scientists and students.
Author: Ring T. Cardé
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674046196
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 413
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Book Description
As we follow the path of a giant water bug or peer over the wing of a gypsy moth, we glimpse our world anew, at once shrunk and magnified. Owing to their size alone, insects’ experience of the world is radically different from ours. Air to them is as viscous as water to us. The predicament of size, along with the dizzying diversity of insects and their status as arguably the most successful organisms on earth, have inspired passion and eloquence in some of the world’s most innovative scientists. A World of Insects showcases classic works on insect behavior, physiology, and ecology published over half a century by Harvard University Press. James Costa, Vincent Dethier, Thomas Eisner, Lee Goff, Bernd Heinrich, Bert Hölldobler, Kenneth Roeder, Andrew Ross, Thomas Seeley, Karl von Frisch, Gilbert Waldbauer, E. O. Wilson, and Mark Winston—each writer, in his unique voice, paints a close-up portrait of the ways insects explore their environment, outmaneuver their enemies, mate, and care for kin. Selected by two world-class entomologists, these essays offer compelling descriptions of insect cooperation and warfare, the search for ancient insect DNA in amber, and the energy economics of hot-blooded insects. They also discuss the impact—for good and ill—of insects on our food supply, their role in crime scene investigation, and the popular fascination with pheromones, killer bees, and fire ants. Each entry begins with commentary on the authors, their topics, and the latest research in the field.
