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Author: Shinya Kotera
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 39
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Book Description
This paper investigates labor market dynamics in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic drawing on macro and micro data. The pandemic and related containment measures had a large negative impact on employment, labor force participation, earnings, and labor market mobility, although policy support through furlough schemes partially mitigated the rise in unemployment. Our results indicate that industry effects were a crucial driver of labor market outcomes for different groups of employees — women, younger age groups, nonregular, self-employed, and low-income workers accounted for a disproportional share of employment in the hardest hit industries. We also find empirical evidence for the need to improve childcare and related support, training and upskilling offerings, and teleworking availability, and the role of skill mismatches in reducing labor market mobility and resource reallocation.
Author: Shinya Kotera
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 39
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Book Description
This paper investigates labor market dynamics in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic drawing on macro and micro data. The pandemic and related containment measures had a large negative impact on employment, labor force participation, earnings, and labor market mobility, although policy support through furlough schemes partially mitigated the rise in unemployment. Our results indicate that industry effects were a crucial driver of labor market outcomes for different groups of employees — women, younger age groups, nonregular, self-employed, and low-income workers accounted for a disproportional share of employment in the hardest hit industries. We also find empirical evidence for the need to improve childcare and related support, training and upskilling offerings, and teleworking availability, and the role of skill mismatches in reducing labor market mobility and resource reallocation.
Author: Yuji Genda
Publisher: Keio University Press
ISBN: 9784766429657
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The COVID-19 pandemic swept the globe from 2019 had a major impact on the way people lived and worked. People refrained from going out and, inevitably, the way people worked underwent drastic changes. What kind of working environment enabled people to best adapt to the emergency? Did the pandemic impact urban and rural areas differently? How did the pandemic affect workers with children? This book adopts a thoroughly data-driven approach, relying primarily on data from the Japanese Panel Study of Employment Dynamics by the Recruit Works Institute. The JPSED has been tracking a sample of 50,000 people since 2016, and is thus one of largest of the very few surveys in Japan that has tracked the same individuals since before the pandemic. Eleven scholars and researchers examined the pandemic's impact on working styles and analyzed the data from various perspectives to identify changes in the labor market in Japan, including telework, work-childcare relations, and disparities in employment status, which makes the book a valuable historical testimony of a distinct turning point in Japan's work culture.
Author: Shigeki Matsuda
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819958504
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Book Description
This book describes how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the way of work, the division of household labor, and family formation in Japan. One of the characteristics of Japanese employment practices is a stable employer–employment relationship and seniority-based wage system. In return, long working hours, especially for men who are called “salarymen” (salaried workers, or “company men”), are required. The pandemic has led to an expansion of telework and has reduced their working hours, which has made them return to their homes to work. In contrast, non-regular employees, who are mostly women, has become more unstable in employment and their incomes fell. This tendency has become even stronger under the pandemic. Compared with conditions in Western countries, in Japan wives have a greater responsibility for domestic chores. In the pandemic, as children's classes shifted to online and childcare support facilities were temporarily closed, the burden of housework and child-rearing increased for wives. However, husbands who worked from home shared a part of the housework, and popular home delivery services helped to reduce the burdens on wives. Japan is one of the developed countries with low fertility rates. Under the pandemic, many Japanese postponed starting a family, which further shrank the country’s birthrate. There was a remarkably significant tendency to postpone having children among economically disadvantaged and socially isolated families. This book provides a portrait of Japan’s experience regarding the notable impacts of the pandemic on work and family life.
Author: Asian Development Bank
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
ISBN: 9292692518
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Book Description
This report examines the impacts of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on labor markets in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Viet Nam. Labor markets in Southeast Asia were particularly hit hard in 2020, when government containment measures were most severe. COVID-19 has exacerbated growing inequalities in the region—hurting not just low-skilled workers but also middle-skilled workers whose jobs were already at risk from automation even before the pandemic. Large gaps in social protection coverage were also exposed. While the policy response has been significant, a narrowing fiscal space and the protracted nature of the pandemic still pose major challenges for recovery. The report aims to help policymakers identify priorities, constraints, and opportunities for developing effective labor market strategies for economic recovery and beyond.
Author: Saori Shibata
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 1501749943
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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Book Description
Contesting Precarity in Japan details the new forms of workers' protest and opposition that have developed as Japan's economy has transformed over the past three decades and highlights their impact upon the country's policymaking process. Drawing on a new dataset charting protest events from the 1980s to the present, Saori Shibata produces the first systematic study of Japan's new precarious labour movement. It details the movement's rise during Japan's post-bubble economic transformation and highlights the different and innovative forms of dissent that mark the end of the country's famously non-confrontational industrial relations. In doing so, moreover, she shows how this new pattern of industrial and social tension is reflected within the country's macroeconomic policymaking, resulting in a new policy dissensus that has consistently failed to offer policy reforms that would produce a return to economic growth. As a result, Shibata argues that the Japanese model of capitalism has therefore become increasingly disorganized.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 926428964X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 121
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Book Description
This report documents the increase in labor migration in Asia and looks at how finance and technology can aid its positive impact on home countries. As diasporas increase, governments have reached out to citizens abroad to provide them with financial instruments. Remittance channels have long ...
Author: 西川俊作
Publisher: [Tokyo] : University of Tokyo Press
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
Monographic compilation of essays on the labour market in Japan - covers business cycles and rural migration from the agricultural sector, labour mobility, the theory of labour supply, the effects of reduced hours of work on productivity, the retirement system, trends in employment and unemployment (1970-1975), wage determination (incl. Wage policy), the seniority wage payment system, wage differentials, economic implications of labour disputes in the public sector, etc. Bibliography pp. 271 and 272, graphs and statistical tables.
Author: Itzhak Harpaz
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135048185
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 438
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Book Description
The book deals with the concept of Heavy Work Investment (HWI) recently initiated by Snir and Harpaz. Since its introduction the interest in the general HWI model has increased considerably. The book illustrates the development of HWI conceptualization, theory, and research. It deals with the foremost HWI subtype of workaholism. However, it also compares workaholism as a "negative" HWI subtype with work devotion/passion/engagement, as a "positive" HWI subtype. Most importantly, it addresses HWI in general, including its possible situational subtypes. In view of Snir and Harpaz's claim that the study of situational heavy work investors is relatively scarce, this certainly constitutes a promising step in the right direction. Finally, it deals with timely and important topics examined by prominent international researchers on Heavy Work Investment and such issues as: personality factors of workaholism, work-life balance, cross-cultural similarities and differences in HWI, work addiction and technology, HWI and retirement, and intergenerational similarity in work investment.
Author: International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513501526
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
External trade plays an important role in Singapore’s economy, providing an important share of total value added. Singapore’s exports have a relatively large import share; however, they also have a high level of complexity. As emphasized in previous studies, value-added in exports plays an important role in trade elasticities. The paper finds evidence that this is indeed the case for Singapore’s export products. Products that have higher domestic value-added share also tend to have higher export price elasticity. Economic complexity is also related to export price elasticities: higher economic complexity is associated with lower price elasticity of exports. This relationship is stronger within certain product segments such as the machinery, mechanical appliances and computers as well as the pharmaceuticals segments. Trade elasticities are important to understand Singapore’s exchange rate based monetary policy transmission. Exchange rate changes can affect profits and trade volumes differently, depending upon the price pass-through to import and export prices and the price elasticity of exports and imports. The import and export price pass-through can in return depend on trade elasticities. The paper also shows that there is important product heterogeneity with respect to trade elasticities; both across different product groups but also within individual product groups. This implies that structural changes in the product composition of trade can lead to sizeable changes in Singapore’s trade elasticities.
Author: Changyong Rhee
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513566598
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 105
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Book Description
The Asia-Pacific region was the first to be hit by the COVID-19 pandemic; it put a strain on its people and economies, and policymaking became exceptionally difficult. This departmental paper contains the assessment of the key challenges facing Asia at this critical juncture and policy advice to the region both to address the current challenges and to build the foundations for a more sustainable and inclusive future. The paper focuses on (1) adjusting to the COVID-19 shock, (2) using unconventional policies when policy space is limited, (3) dealing with debt, and (4) helping the vulnerable and greening the recovery. The paper first presents the different ways countries are adjusting to the COVID-19 shock.
