Determinants of Intra-industry Trade Between East and West Europe PDF Download
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Author: Chonira Aturupane
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Business enterprises
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
Author: Chonira Aturupane
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Business enterprises
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
Author: Chonira Aturupane
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
There is a good deal of intra-industry trade between nations in Central and Eastern Europe and the European Union. Most of it is vertical (the exchange of similar goods of different quality). Eastern European nations and the European Union (EU) is among the highest of all the EU's bilateral trade flows. Aturupane, Djankov, and Hoekman break down data on these trade flows into horizontal and vertical components and investigate the determinants of each. They find that vertical intra-industry trade (the exchange of similar goods of different quality) accounts for 80 to 90 percent of total intra-industry trade. It is positively associated with product differentiation, labor intensity of production, economies of scale, and foreign direct investment. Controlling for country effects, they find a statistically significant positive association between horizontal intra-industry trade (the exchange of close substitutes of similar quality) and foreign direct investment, product differentiation, and industry concentration. They find a significant negative relationship for economies of scale and labor intensity. These results do not hold if they do not control for country effects, suggesting that country-specific factors are key determinants of horizontal intra-industry trade. This paper - a product of the Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to analyze the role of trade and foreign investment in the process of transition in Eastern Europe.
Author: Bernard M. Hoekman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
November 1997 There is a good deal of intra-industry trade between nations in Central and Eastern Europe and the European Union. Most of it is vertical (the exchange of similar goods of different quality). Eastern European nations and the European Union (EU) is among the highest of all the EU's bilateral trade flows. Aturupane, Djankov, and Hoekman break down data on these trade flows into horizontal and vertical components and investigate the determinants of each. They find that vertical intra-industry trade (the exchange of similar goods of different quality) accounts for 80 to 90 percent of total intra-industry trade. It is positively associated with product differentiation, labor intensity of production, economies of scale, and foreign direct investment. Controlling for country effects, they find a statistically significant positive association between horizontal intra-industry trade (the exchange of close substitutes of similar quality) and foreign direct investment, product differentiation, and industry concentration. They find a significant negative relationship for economies of scale and labor intensity. These results do not hold if they do not control for country effects, suggesting that country-specific factors are key determinants of horizontal intra-industry trade. This paper-a product of the Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to analyze the role of trade and foreign investment in the process of transition in Eastern Europe.
Author: Bernard M. Hoekman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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September 1996 To what extent does growth in exports in Central and Eastern Europe reflect economic restructuring and changes in the composition of trade as opposed to redirection of traditional CMEA exports to the West? In the first half of the 1990s, after the demise of central planning, exports to OECD countries from many Central and Eastern European countries grew rapidly. Hoekman and Djankov explore what trade data suggest about the extent to which growth in exports reflect economic restructuring and changes in the composition of trade as opposed to redirection of traditional CMEA exports to the West. They also investigate the role of vertical intra-industry exchange in the expansion of trade with Western Europe - that is, getting inputs from European Union (EU) suppliers that are then used in the production of goods exported to the EU. They find a strong relationship between export performance and growth in vertical intra-industry trade with the EU. The Czech and Slovak Republics, Hungary, Poland, and Slovenia all rely heavily on the EU for inputs - more so than Austria, Portugal, and Spain, for example. As their per capita exports to the EU have also grown the fastest, this appears to be a characteristic of successful transition. The Czech and Slovak Republics registered the highest growth in exports and the greatest reorientation in the pattern of trade. They have the highest level and rate of growth in intra-industry trade with the EU, but have undergone the least change in composition of exports. But substantial changes have occurred in the composition of exports within traditional export categories. This suggests that Czech and Slovak firms pursued a strategy of upgrading and differentiating traditional exports, relying on EU firms for new machinery, components, and know-how. Simple redirection of goods that were traditionally exported to CMEA markets does not appear to have played an important role in the growth of exports to Western Europe. Export growth is in products that were not exported to the CMEA or in traditional export items that have been substantially upgraded or differentiated. Inflows of foreign direct investment - limited before 1994 - correlate highly with levels of intra-industry trade. But if large investments in the automobile sector are excluded, foreign direct investment seems unlikely to have been a major force driving the growth of intra-industry trade. These exchanges and the underlying integration into the world economy (Western Europe) mostly reflect arm's-length transactions between Central and Eastern European firms and their European counterparts. This paper - a product of the Private Sector and Finance Team, Europe and Central Asia, and Middle East and North Africa Technical Department - is part of a larger effort in the department to monitor economic developments in Central and Eastern Europe.
Author: Zbigniew M. Fallenbuchl
Publisher: New York : Pergamon Press
ISBN:
Category : East-West trade
Languages : en
Pages : 490
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Book Description
Author: Daisuke Hiratsuka
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 0230627676
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 269
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Book Description
This book presents a deeper understanding of the on-going de facto economic integration in East Asia, looking at the extent of economic integration, what sort of integration has been accomplished, and comparing the level of integration reached and the path followed to that of the European Union.
Author: Ghislaine Pellat
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031422538
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 370
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Book Description
In this book, the ERECO-PGV[1] network wishes to make an overview of the cooperation implemented by and in the European Union and to describe the concrete forms they have taken. The issue is to analyze the internal European cooperation between economic actors, politicians, and EU citizens at different levels, but also to focus attention on the external cooperation (neighborhood policies, external policies, and collaborations with international institutions: NATO, OECD, WTO, etc.). Carrying uncompromising attention on this issue means rethinking the European project in light of today's challenges. From the very beginning, the EU was based on and called for forms of multinational cooperation, bilateral (internal and external) at different levels, involving economic actors, public actors, local authorities, and civil society. The frameworks for this cooperation as well as for the successive enlargements of the EU were drawn up in the context of European negotiations, in particular during discussions on the European Treaties. European values, standards, and rules are embodied in the texts of agreements, resolutions, and European directives and Treaties signed by all member countries. They establish the functioning of European institutions and the framework of democratic life in Europe. The emergence of current crises (Brexit, COVID-19, migration crisis, non-respect of rule of law rules, refusal of certain member countries to apply the European Charter of Human Rights, etc.) is questioning the project of the European Union and introduced the challenges which should be overcome by the proposal of the new project able to face the internal complexity of the Union and to answer to the pressure of a conflicting international context. What remains of the European ideal affirmed in the treaties of 1957, 1992, and 2007? How to "re-enchant" the common project? Yet, the European Union remains attractive to new candidate countries. How do they read the integration conditions into the EU with regard to their own projects?
Author: Jacques Rupnik
Publisher: Manchester University Press
ISBN: 9780719065613
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
This book is a timely and solid portrait of modern China from the First Opium War to the Xi Jinping era. Unlike the handful of existing textbooks that only provide narratives, this textbook fashions a new and practical way to study modern China. Written exclusively for university students, A-level or high school teachers and students, it uses primary sources to tell the story of China and introduces them to existing scholarship and academic debate so they can conduct independent research for their essays and dissertations. This book will be required reading for students who embark on the study of Chinese history, politics, economics, diaspora, sociology, literature, cultural, urban and women's studies. It would be essential reading to journalists, NGO workers, diplomats, government officials, businessmen and travellers.
Author: Mr.Alexander Repkine
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451923279
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 35
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Book Description
We examine industrial output in Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, and Romania during 1989–95 in terms of pretransitional product trade orientation. The growth of EU-oriented output within sectors of industry, ex-post trade, and market liberalization, is modeled as foreign direct investment induced Schumpeterian (vertical) waves of product innovation. The growth of non-EU-oriented output within sectors is modeled as unobservable deterministic heterogeneity. The results indicate that the gap observed in industrial output performance when comparing Eastern European to former Soviet countries is mainly explained by the inherited presence of EU-oriented production and its unconstrained growth over the transition period.
Author: Bart?omiej Kami?ski
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Competition
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
The unprecedented globalization of the production process, dividing up the value chain, has brought the integration of trade and the disintegration of production, with deep implications for the international division of labor. Have Central European economies been able to readjust their production structures to international markets? Three of them: Estonia, Hungary, and Slovakia have done especially well.
