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Author: Robert E. Ward
Publisher: University of Hawaii Press
ISBN: 0824880722
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 571
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Book Description
The value of this book resides in the interweaving of Japanese and American scholarship and viewpoints on a number of aspects of the total Occupation experience that are of critical importance to a historical explanation of its accomplishments or shortfalls. Attention is given to the new constitution of 1946-1947, the most fundamental institutional change wrought by the Occupation's major programs of institutional and procedural reform and the formation and early development of the conservative and reformist parties.
Author: Robert E. Ward
Publisher: University of Hawaii Press
ISBN: 0824880722
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 571
Get Book
Book Description
The value of this book resides in the interweaving of Japanese and American scholarship and viewpoints on a number of aspects of the total Occupation experience that are of critical importance to a historical explanation of its accomplishments or shortfalls. Attention is given to the new constitution of 1946-1947, the most fundamental institutional change wrought by the Occupation's major programs of institutional and procedural reform and the formation and early development of the conservative and reformist parties.
Author: Ward
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780824880736
Category : Constitutional history
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Brian Masaru Hayashi
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 140083774X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 339
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Book Description
During World War II some 120,000 Japanese Americans were forcibly removed from their homes and detained in concentration camps in several states. These Japanese Americans lost millions of dollars in property and were forced to live in so-called "assembly centers" surrounded by barbed wire fences and armed sentries. In this insightful and groundbreaking work, Brian Hayashi reevaluates the three-year ordeal of interred Japanese Americans. Using previously undiscovered documents, he examines the forces behind the U.S. government's decision to establish internment camps. His conclusion: the motives of government officials and top military brass likely transcended the standard explanations of racism, wartime hysteria, and leadership failure. Among the other surprising factors that played into the decision, Hayashi writes, were land development in the American West and plans for the American occupation of Japan. What was the long-term impact of America's actions? While many historians have explored that question, Hayashi takes a fresh look at how U.S. concentration camps affected not only their victims and American civil liberties, but also people living in locations as diverse as American Indian reservations and northeast Thailand.
Author: Harukata Takenaka
Publisher: Stanford University Press
ISBN: 0804790744
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
Failed Democratization in Prewar Japan presents a compelling case study on change in political regimes through its exploration of Japan's transition to democracy. Within a broad-ranging examination of Japan's "semi-democratic" political system from 1918 to 1932, when political parties tended to dominate the government, the book analyzes in detail why this system collapsed in 1932 and discusses the implications of the failure. By reference to comparable cases—prewar Argentina, prewar Germany, postwar Brazil, and 1980s Thailand—Harukata Takenaka reveals that the factors responsible for the breakdown of the Taisho democracy in Japan replicated those that precipitated the collapse of democracy in Europe, Latin America, and elsewhere in Asia. While most literature on these transitions focuses on successful cases, Takenaka explores democratic failure to answer questions about how and why political parties and their leaders can behave in ways that undermine the democratic institutions that serve as the basis for their formal authority.
Author: Eric Von Hippel
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262250179
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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Book Description
The process of user-centered innovation: how it can benefit both users and manufacturers and how its emergence will bring changes in business models and in public policy. Innovation is rapidly becoming democratized. Users, aided by improvements in computer and communications technology, increasingly can develop their own new products and services. These innovating users—both individuals and firms—often freely share their innovations with others, creating user-innovation communities and a rich intellectual commons. In Democratizing Innovation, Eric von Hippel looks closely at this emerging system of user-centered innovation. He explains why and when users find it profitable to develop new products and services for themselves, and why it often pays users to reveal their innovations freely for the use of all.The trend toward democratized innovation can be seen in software and information products—most notably in the free and open-source software movement—but also in physical products. Von Hippel's many examples of user innovation in action range from surgical equipment to surfboards to software security features. He shows that product and service development is concentrated among "lead users," who are ahead on marketplace trends and whose innovations are often commercially attractive. Von Hippel argues that manufacturers should redesign their innovation processes and that they should systematically seek out innovations developed by users. He points to businesses—the custom semiconductor industry is one example—that have learned to assist user-innovators by providing them with toolkits for developing new products. User innovation has a positive impact on social welfare, and von Hippel proposes that government policies, including R&D subsidies and tax credits, should be realigned to eliminate biases against it. The goal of a democratized user-centered innovation system, says von Hippel, is well worth striving for. An electronic version of this book is available under a Creative Commons license.
Author: Mary Alice Haddad
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107014077
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 271
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Book Description
This book offers a grassroots perspective and holistic understanding of Japan's democratization process and what it means for the nation today.
Author: Roger W. Bowen
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1315290316
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
This is a short, readable, and incisive study of the corrosive effects of corruption in one of the world's major liberal democracies. It explores the disconnect between democratic rule and undemocratic practices in Japan since the Second World War, with special attention to the corrupt practices of various prime ministers and the resulting sense of political cynicism and powerlessness among the general public.
Author: Takeshi Ishida
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Pre
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 372
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Book Description
Following World War II, the American Occupation created Western style democratic institutions in Japan and sought to develop a society and culture that would support a democratic political system. Now, after four decades, the successes and failures of Japanese democracy can be assessed. How equal are Japan's citizens? To what extent are their views represented in the legislature? How does Japan handle dissent and protest? How stable is its democracy? In closely related and readable essays, thirteen leading experts consider three main components of democracy in Japan - political, social, and economic. The editors' introduction provides historical background, making this book accessible and valuable for students, the general reader interested in Japan, as well as the specialist.
Author: Sigal Ben-Rafael Galanti
Publisher: Lexington Books
ISBN: 1498502237
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
This book unveils the layers of Japan's democracy, and the essays suggest a widening of disciplinary perspectives. The editors employ an assortment of disciplines—history, anthropology, sociology, political science, law, and cultural studies—to explore the complex interrelationships between history, institutions, and sociocultural practices.
Author: Tomohito Shinoda
Publisher: Columbia University Press
ISBN: 023152806X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 349
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Book Description
Decentralized policymaking power in Japan had developed under the reign of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), yet in the1990s, institutional changes fundamentally altered Japan's political landscape. Tomohito Shinoda tracks these developments in the operation of and tensions between Japan's political parties and the public's behavior in elections, as well as in the government's ability to coordinate diverse policy preferences and respond to political crises. The selection of Junichiro Koizumi, an anti-mainstream politician, as prime minister in 2001 initiated a power shift to the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) and ended LDP rule. Shinoda details these events and Prime Minister Koizumi's use of them to practice strong policymaking leadership. He also outlines the institutional initiatives introduced by the DPJ government and their impact on policymaking, illustrating the importance of balanced centralized institutions and bureaucratic support.
